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#Prelims2017
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Learn how to "get out of your own way" to make things happen. There are talents and gifts within you that need to breathe. Don't suffocate them anymore with possibility blindness. Hellen Keller would ask you, "what's worse, being blind or having eyes and not seeing." Yes you can't see everything just yet but keep your mental vision and in time the person that you will become will be able to see it live and in action. Everything you need to become that person is within you right now. Trust your process of gradual growth. It's in your DNA to thrive!
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All the best to all my dear @UPSC_2018.

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மத்திய அரசின் உயர் கல்வி நிறுவனமான ஐ.ஐ.டி. (இந்திய தொழில்நுட்ப கல்வி நிறுவனம்), என்.ஐ.டி. போன்ற உயர் கல்வி நிறுவனங்களில் மாணவர்களை சேர்ப்பதற்காக நடைபெறும் JEE Advanced நுழைவுத்தேர்வில் சண்டிகாரைச் சேர்ந்த மாணவர் சர்வேஷ் மெக்தானி 366-க்கு 339 மதிப்பெண்கள் பெற்று அகில இந்திய முதல் இடம் பெற்றுள்ளார்.

மறைந்த தமிழக முதல்-அமைச்சர் ஜெயலலிதா வாழ்க்கை வரலாறு புத்தகம் கன்னட மொழியில் அம்மாஆதாஅம்மு (அம்மு என்கிற ஜெயலலிதா) என்ற பெயரில் வெளியிடப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்த புத்தகத்தை கன்னட மூத்த பத்திரிக்கையாளர் என்.கே.மோகன்ராம் வெளியிட்டு உள்ளார்.

மகாராஷ்டிராவில் விவசாயிகள் கடன் தொகை தள்ளுபடி செய்யப்படுவதாக அம்மாநில முதல்வர் தேவேந்திர பட்னவிஸ் அறிவித்துள்ளார்.

மருத்துவ துறையில் திறன்மிக்க பணியாளர்களை உருவாக்க Skill for Life, Save a Life என்ற திட்டத்தை மத்திய சுகாதார துறை அமைச்சர் J.B. நட்டா துவக்கி வைத்துள்ளார்.

Indira Gandhi – A life in Nature என்ற புத்தகத்தை ஜெய்ராம் ரமேஷ் எழுதியுள்ளார்.
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What is escape Velocity ?

Escape velocity is the speed that an object needs to be traveling to break free of a planet or moon's gravity well and leave it without further propulsion. On the surface of the Earth, the escape velocity is about 11.2 km/s, which is approximately 33 times the speed of sound (Mach 33) and several times the muzzle velocity of a rifle bullet (up to 1.7 km/s).

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Syria neighboring countries:

Israel, Lebanon, Jordon, Iraq, Turkey.

#KarpathuIAS :
Who is appointed as the Indian new envoy of Italy ?
- Reenat Sandhu
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Who is appointed as the as ambassador to Denmark ?
- Ajit Vinayak Gupte

Who is set to become both the first gay and first female PM of #Serbia
- Ana Brnabić

The new Indian Ambassador to EU
- Gaitri Issar Kumar

Which country re-elected to UN Economic & Social Council?
- India 🇮🇳

Who has chosen for #BhupenHazarikaAward 2017?
- Yeshe Dorje Thongchi

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🔶Idiom of the day :

📌The kiss of death


🔵 an act that puts an end to someone or something.(Informal.)
If you describe something as the kiss of death, you mean that it. is certain to cause something else to fail

Examples:
🗣The mayor’s veto was the kiss of death for the new law.
🗣Fainting on stage was the kiss of death for my acting career.

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🔶 slang of the day :

📌 fall for


to be fooled ; to believe a false story

Example:
🗣you didn’t fall for that advertisement about making money on the internet, did you?

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Forwarded from unknown.
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💥💥 *States===>Crops===>Soil-Used*💥💥



🔴🔵 *_--Punjab--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Rice, Maize, Barley, Pulses, Rapeseed and Mustard, Sunflower, Oil Seeds, Sugarcane, Cotton, Fruits, Vegetables_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Flood plain soil, Loamy soil, Sandy soil, Desert soil, Kandi Soil, Sierozems, Sodic and Saline soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Haryana--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Sugarcane, Barley, Jowar, Bajra, Gram, Rice, Wheat, Mustard, Cotton_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Salt Affected soil, Alkali Soil, Saline soil_☄☄

--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Rajasthan--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Sugarcane, Bajra, Baley, Jowar, Maize, Chili, Cotton, Mango, Rice, Vegetables, Groundnut, Oil seeds, Pulses_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sandy soil, Saline soil, Alkaline soil, Chalky soil, Clay soil, Loamy soil, Black Lava soil, Nitrogenous soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Uttar Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Fruits, Vegetables, Spices, Floriculture, Medicinal/aromatic plants, others like Betel vine, Mushroom, Honey production_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Alluvium soil, Sandy soil, Clayey Soil, Red & Black soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Bihar--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Wheat, Maize, Pulses, Vegetables, Fruits, Sugarcane, Jute_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sandy Loam soil, Loam soil, Clay soil, Clay Loam soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Gujarat--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, tur, Gram, Cotton, Groundnuts, Dates, Sugarcane_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black soil, Alluvial soil, Hill soil, Desert soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Madhya Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Maize, Jowar, Gram, Tur, Urad, Moong, Soybean, Groundnuts, Mustard, Cotton, Sugarcane_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black soil, Red & Yellow soil, Alluvial soil, Laterite soil, Mixed soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Maharashtra--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Pulses, Cotton, Sugarcane, Several Oil Seeds, Sunflower, Groundnuts & Soybean_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black-Cotton soil, Kali soil, Morad soil, Pather soil,_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Chhattisgarh--_*

🌾🌾 _Rice, Maize, Wheat, Niger, Groundnut, Pulses_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red & Yellow soil, Red Sandy soil, Red Loam soil, Black Cotton soil, Laterite soil,_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Jharkhand--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Ragi, Maize, Wheat, Redgram, Niger, Fruits_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red soil, Micacious soil, Sandy soil, Black soil, Laterite soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Himachal Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Off-season vegetables, vegetables seeds, potato & ginger besides soybean, oilseeds, pulses, fruits_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sedimentary soil, Brown soil, Brownish soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Jammu & Kashmir--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Barley, Bajra, Jowar, Gram, Apple, Walnuts_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Brown Forest soil, Grey Brown Podzolic soil, Red & Yellow Podzolic soil, Hills Forest soil, Mountain Meadow soil, Saline Alkali soil, Alluvial soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--West Bengal--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Jute, Tea, Potatoes, Oilseeds, Betel, Vine, Tobacco, Wheat, Barley, Maize_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Laterite soil, Red soil, Alluvial soil, Coastal soil, Terai soil, Colluvial soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Karnataka--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Paddy, Jowar, Ragi, Maize, Sunflower, sugarcane, Cotton, Tobacco_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red soil, Lateritic soil, Black soil, Alluvio-Colluvial soil, Forest soil, Coastal soil.

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What is photosphere?

Photosphere is the outer shell of star from which light is radiated. It is the innermost layer of the solar atmosphere to which our eyes can penetrate through the superficial transparent layers. Our view is obstructed beyond this layer by the rapidly increasing opacity of the denser layers of the gas as we go inward through it. Temperature of photosphere for Sun is about 5,800 K and values of pressure & density are low.

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What are essential fatty acids?

Human body can synthesize most of the fats it require. However, two essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linolenic, cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained from food. These basic fats, found in plant foods, are used to build other specialized fats called omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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How do night goggles work and what type of energy do they use?

Truth is, not all types of light is visible. The light that we can see is only part of the electromagnetic spectrum .There are other types of light, such as infrared and ultraviolet light, which cannot be seen by the naked eye .
In the darkest places, there will always be a little light, even if it only is infrared light. What the googles do is they "enhance the image". This means that the goggles "amplifies the light" if you will.

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What is 'Bank Run'

A bank run occurs when a large number of customers of a bank or another financial institution withdraw their deposits simultaneously due to concerns about the bank's solvency. As more people withdraw their funds, the probability of default increases, thereby prompting more people to withdraw their deposits. In extreme cases, the bank's reserves may not be sufficient to cover the withdrawals.

BREAKING DOWN 'Bank Run'

A bank run is typically the result of panic rather than true insolvency on the part of the bank. However, the bank does risk default as more individuals withdraw funds; what began as panic can turn into a true default situation. A bank run triggered by fear that pushes a bank into actual insolvency represents a classic example of a self-fulfilling prophecy.

How Bank Runs Happen

Because banks typically keep only a small percentage of deposits as cash on hand, they must increase cash to meet depositors' withdrawal demands. One method a bank uses to increase cash on hand is to sell off its assets, sometimes at significantly lower prices than if it did not have to sell quickly. Losses on selling the assets at lower prices can cause a bank to become insolvent. A bank panic occurs when multiple banks endure runs at the same time.

Bank Run Examples

The stock market crash of 1929 precipitated a spate of bank runs across the country, ultimately culminating in the Great Depression. The succession of bank runs that occurred in late 1929 and early 1930 represented a domino effect of sorts, as news of one bank failure spooked customers of nearby banks and prompted them to withdraw their money. For example, a single bank failure in Nashville led to a host of bank runs across the Southeast.

Other bank runs during the Depression occurred as a result of rumors started by individual customers. In December 1930, a New Yorker who had been advised by the Bank of United States against selling a particular stock left the branch and promptly began telling people the bank was unwilling or unable to sell his shares. Interpreting this as a sign of insolvency, bank customers lined up by the thousands and, within hours, withdrew over $2 million from the bank.

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Israeli author David Grossman has won the Man Booker International Prize for his novel “A Horse Walks Into a Bar“. David Grossman has become the first Israeli author to win the Man Booker International Prize. He will share the £50,000 ($64,000) award money with his translator Jessica Cohen.
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Army’s Super-40 in Kashmir Strike Big


Army Chief today met and complimented the students from Army’s Super-40 coaching initiative that
has been training local children to take Engineering Entrance Examination. Army’s Super - 40 initiative for coaching the J&K youth for Engineering Entrance Exams broke all previous records when 26 boys and two girls from the state cracked the IIT-JEE Mains Exam 2017. Nine students have successfully qualified the IIT Advanced Exam, the results of which were declared on 11 June 17.

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🌹1. GST on cashew nuts reduced from 12 per cent to 5 per cent
🌹2. GST on pickles, chutney, sauces, instant food mixes were charged at 18 per cent and are now reduced to 12 per cent
🌹3. GST on kajal slashed from 28 per cent to 18 per cent
🌹4. GST on insulin reduced from 12 per cent to 5 per cent
🌹5. GST on school bags reduced from 28 per cent to 18 per cent
🌹6. GST on children’s colouring and drawing books revised from 12 per cent to nil
🌹7. GST on cutlery reduced from 18 per cent to 12 per cent
🌹8. GST on some tractor components will now attract 18 per cent compared to 28 per cent under previous arrangement
🌹9. GST on computer printers reduced from 28 per cent to 18 per cent
🌹10. GST rate of 28 per cent will be maintained for all cinema tickets above Rs 100 while for tickets below Rs 100, it will be reduced to 18 per cent.

Drishti IAS Important book:
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📝 India gets direct access to swiss accounts

🔴 What has Switzerland ratified?

Switzerland Friday ratified automatic exchange of financial account information (AEOI) with India and 40 other jurisdictions to facilitate immediate sharing of details about suspected black money, even as it sought strict adherence to confidentiality and data security.

🔘 Adopting the dispatch on introduction of the AEOI, a global convention for automatic information exchange on tax matters, the Swiss Federal Council said the implementation is planned for 2018 and the first set of data should be exchanged in 2019.

🔘 The council, which is the top governing body of the European nation, will soon notify the Indian government about the exact date from which the automatic exchange would begin.


As per the draft notification approved by the council in its meeting on Friday, the decision is not subject to any referendum — which means there should be no further procedural delay in its implementation.

🔘 The council said the proposal to introduce AEOI with India and others “met with widespread approval from the interested parties who voiced their opinions in the consultations“.

🔘 “In concrete terms, the AEOI will be activated with each individual state or territory by means of a specific federal decree within the framework of this dispatch,” it added.

🔘 The exchange of information itself will be carried out based on the Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA) on the Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information, which in turn is based on the international standard for the exchange of information developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).


The council said it will prepare a situation report before the first exchange of data, which is planned for autumn 2019.


🔴 Why is Switzerland forced to share information?

For decades, Switzerland was the place where money went to hide. Cash sent to its mountain sanctuaries was protected by some of the strictest secrecy laws in the world.

🔘 But the euro crisis of 2011 saw Switzerland's strict banking secrecy come under assault from countries such as Germany and Britain as never before.

🔘 The council that serves as Switzerland's executive branch had to start looking into steps toward banking transparency after having been threatened with painful isolation if it did not agree to reforms. 

🔘 There have also been continuous global efforts to crackdown on illicit fund flows in the system and do away with banking secrecy practices.

#GS3 #Economy
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