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Committee Quick
Dinesh sharma - Digital currency aka bitcoin etc
Pritam singh - DPO
Watal - digital payment
Shekatkar - combat potential
Dhirendra singh - indigenous manufacturing defence
Amitabh kant - ecomm/ digital payment
Madhukar Gupta - Border Protection
Partha Mukhopadhyay - Migration
KS Valdiya - Saraswati Evidence
Chitale - Ganga Desiltation
Dalwai - Double farmers income
AK Sinha - Silt in Ganga

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Some random Military Exercises of India (India is present in all) —
Surya Kiran - Nepal
Al Nagah II - Oman
Bold Kurukshetra - Singapore
Nomadic Elephant - Mongolia
Prabal Dostyak - Kazak
Simbex - Singapore
Ekuverin - Maldives
Sampriti - Bangaldesh

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Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)- has definitely gone beyond its initial mandate of securing technological and economic cooperation among nations in the coast of Bengal. The inclusion of Nepal and Bhutan into BIMSTEC in 2004 — along with BRICS and SAARC membership — gave India an alternative platform to engage with all its immediate neighbours such as Sri Lanka, China, Bhutan, Burma, Nepal, while keeping Pakistan at an arms length.
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it wont be completely wrong to conclude that BRICS-BIMSTEC is the mini-congression of SAARC nations for 2016 with six of the eight – SAARC members participating in it.
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During the last leg of BRICS-BIMSTEC and signing of Goa Declaration, altogether six-different schedules have time-lined for the interaction of the leaders of the two groups during which deliberation and discussions will take place on Sunday.

India is a founder-member of BIMSTEC, and energising it would also accelerate India's Act East policy. The other advantage is that it would give impetus to India's domestic goal of developing the northeastern region, which is the country's geographical gateway to the east and sourtheast Asia.

Another plus-point with BIMSTEC, which will complete 20 years of virtually unnoticed existence, is that all members have concerns, though in varying degrees, about the increasing profile of China in their neighbourhood. On the contrary, within SAARC, the attitude towards China has been quite dissimilar to one another's. While Pakistan has a interrelationship of strategic trust with China, India has strategic suspicions towards China.

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Continental System -- Napoleon -- block British goods inside Europe to isolate Britain

Timeline --
1. Berlin Decree 1806 -- no british goods inside Europe
2. Warsaw Decree Jan 1807 -- Continental System more strengthened
3. Reply by Britain in form of permits needed to be purchased by every neutral ship entering Europe
4. Fountain Blew Decree Oct 1807 -- Napolean -- all contraband goods to be burnt and seized
5. Milan Decree Dec 1807 -- any ship purchasing permit from Britain to be considered as enemy ship

Continental System abolished by Napolean in 1814.

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What is the difference between the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) and the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

The PCA is not a court, but rather an organiser of arbitral tribunals to resolve conflicts between member states . While ICJ is the primary judicial branch of the United Nations (UN)

"Unlike the International Court of Justice, the Permanent Court of Arbitration has no sitting judges: the parties themselves select the arbitrators.

Permanent Court of Arbitration are held in private and are confidential.

The PCA also provides arbitration in disputes between international organisations and between states and international organisations.

PCA Ruling is binding and final but since no further mechanism to enforce it , ruling becomes difficult to enforce While ICJ Ruling in Contentious issue is binding to the party.
India - Bangladesh maritime Dispute was resolved via PCA.. India unlike CHINA accepted the Ruling which went in favor of Bangladesh...

The key principle is that the ICJ has jurisdiction only on the basis of consent of the party.

Note : Article 94 establishes the duty of all UN members to comply with decisions of the ICJ involving them. If parties do not comply, the issue may be taken before the Security Council for enforcement action. There are obvious problems with such a method of enforcement.
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#KarpathuIAS :
- Pulin Das - also responsible for Dhaka Chapter of Anushilan Samiti
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Agenda 2063 - African Socio-Economic Development

Prithvi - India's first indigenously built ballistic missile - DRDO

Hafnium Carbide, Tantalum Carbide - refractory ceramics, highest melting point

Guillain Barre Syndrome - Zika Virus, —— Zika transmits sexually too

Project Brahma Initiative - building India's biodiversity knowledge base

Rashtrakutas - Amogvarsha - Kavirajamarga, Pampa, Ponna

SASEC Members - Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, Maldives

Wassenaar Agreement - regulation of arms, Berne Convention-protection of artistic work (India is a member)

Seychelles - gave India Assumption island for naval base (or for making assumptions ;p

Women's India association - by annie besant, margaret sis, - thesophical society

Goldman Environment Prize - Green Nobel - Prafulla Samantra - Niyamgiri-Dongria Kondh

Global Terrorism Index - Institute of Economics and Peace
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Electricity Accessibility List - World bank

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#Prelims2017
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Learn how to "get out of your own way" to make things happen. There are talents and gifts within you that need to breathe. Don't suffocate them anymore with possibility blindness. Hellen Keller would ask you, "what's worse, being blind or having eyes and not seeing." Yes you can't see everything just yet but keep your mental vision and in time the person that you will become will be able to see it live and in action. Everything you need to become that person is within you right now. Trust your process of gradual growth. It's in your DNA to thrive!
Good day
Have a great day
All the best to all my dear @UPSC_2018.

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மத்திய அரசின் உயர் கல்வி நிறுவனமான ஐ.ஐ.டி. (இந்திய தொழில்நுட்ப கல்வி நிறுவனம்), என்.ஐ.டி. போன்ற உயர் கல்வி நிறுவனங்களில் மாணவர்களை சேர்ப்பதற்காக நடைபெறும் JEE Advanced நுழைவுத்தேர்வில் சண்டிகாரைச் சேர்ந்த மாணவர் சர்வேஷ் மெக்தானி 366-க்கு 339 மதிப்பெண்கள் பெற்று அகில இந்திய முதல் இடம் பெற்றுள்ளார்.

மறைந்த தமிழக முதல்-அமைச்சர் ஜெயலலிதா வாழ்க்கை வரலாறு புத்தகம் கன்னட மொழியில் அம்மாஆதாஅம்மு (அம்மு என்கிற ஜெயலலிதா) என்ற பெயரில் வெளியிடப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்த புத்தகத்தை கன்னட மூத்த பத்திரிக்கையாளர் என்.கே.மோகன்ராம் வெளியிட்டு உள்ளார்.

மகாராஷ்டிராவில் விவசாயிகள் கடன் தொகை தள்ளுபடி செய்யப்படுவதாக அம்மாநில முதல்வர் தேவேந்திர பட்னவிஸ் அறிவித்துள்ளார்.

மருத்துவ துறையில் திறன்மிக்க பணியாளர்களை உருவாக்க Skill for Life, Save a Life என்ற திட்டத்தை மத்திய சுகாதார துறை அமைச்சர் J.B. நட்டா துவக்கி வைத்துள்ளார்.

Indira Gandhi – A life in Nature என்ற புத்தகத்தை ஜெய்ராம் ரமேஷ் எழுதியுள்ளார்.
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Karpathu IAS :
What is escape Velocity ?

Escape velocity is the speed that an object needs to be traveling to break free of a planet or moon's gravity well and leave it without further propulsion. On the surface of the Earth, the escape velocity is about 11.2 km/s, which is approximately 33 times the speed of sound (Mach 33) and several times the muzzle velocity of a rifle bullet (up to 1.7 km/s).

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Syria neighboring countries:

Israel, Lebanon, Jordon, Iraq, Turkey.

#KarpathuIAS :
Who is appointed as the Indian new envoy of Italy ?
- Reenat Sandhu
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Who is appointed as the as ambassador to Denmark ?
- Ajit Vinayak Gupte

Who is set to become both the first gay and first female PM of #Serbia
- Ana Brnabić

The new Indian Ambassador to EU
- Gaitri Issar Kumar

Which country re-elected to UN Economic & Social Council?
- India 🇮🇳

Who has chosen for #BhupenHazarikaAward 2017?
- Yeshe Dorje Thongchi

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🔶Idiom of the day :

📌The kiss of death


🔵 an act that puts an end to someone or something.(Informal.)
If you describe something as the kiss of death, you mean that it. is certain to cause something else to fail

Examples:
🗣The mayor’s veto was the kiss of death for the new law.
🗣Fainting on stage was the kiss of death for my acting career.

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🔶 slang of the day :

📌 fall for


to be fooled ; to believe a false story

Example:
🗣you didn’t fall for that advertisement about making money on the internet, did you?

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Forwarded from unknown.
Thanks by @UPSC_2018
💥💥 *States===>Crops===>Soil-Used*💥💥



🔴🔵 *_--Punjab--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Rice, Maize, Barley, Pulses, Rapeseed and Mustard, Sunflower, Oil Seeds, Sugarcane, Cotton, Fruits, Vegetables_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Flood plain soil, Loamy soil, Sandy soil, Desert soil, Kandi Soil, Sierozems, Sodic and Saline soil_☄☄
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🔴🔵 *_--Haryana--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Sugarcane, Barley, Jowar, Bajra, Gram, Rice, Wheat, Mustard, Cotton_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Salt Affected soil, Alkali Soil, Saline soil_☄☄

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🔴🔵 *_--Rajasthan--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Sugarcane, Bajra, Baley, Jowar, Maize, Chili, Cotton, Mango, Rice, Vegetables, Groundnut, Oil seeds, Pulses_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sandy soil, Saline soil, Alkaline soil, Chalky soil, Clay soil, Loamy soil, Black Lava soil, Nitrogenous soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Uttar Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Fruits, Vegetables, Spices, Floriculture, Medicinal/aromatic plants, others like Betel vine, Mushroom, Honey production_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Alluvium soil, Sandy soil, Clayey Soil, Red & Black soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Bihar--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Wheat, Maize, Pulses, Vegetables, Fruits, Sugarcane, Jute_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sandy Loam soil, Loam soil, Clay soil, Clay Loam soil_☄☄
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🔴🔵 *_--Gujarat--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, tur, Gram, Cotton, Groundnuts, Dates, Sugarcane_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black soil, Alluvial soil, Hill soil, Desert soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Madhya Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Wheat, Maize, Jowar, Gram, Tur, Urad, Moong, Soybean, Groundnuts, Mustard, Cotton, Sugarcane_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black soil, Red & Yellow soil, Alluvial soil, Laterite soil, Mixed soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Maharashtra--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Jowar, Bajra, Wheat, Pulses, Cotton, Sugarcane, Several Oil Seeds, Sunflower, Groundnuts & Soybean_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Black-Cotton soil, Kali soil, Morad soil, Pather soil,_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Chhattisgarh--_*

🌾🌾 _Rice, Maize, Wheat, Niger, Groundnut, Pulses_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red & Yellow soil, Red Sandy soil, Red Loam soil, Black Cotton soil, Laterite soil,_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Jharkhand--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Ragi, Maize, Wheat, Redgram, Niger, Fruits_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red soil, Micacious soil, Sandy soil, Black soil, Laterite soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Himachal Pradesh--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Off-season vegetables, vegetables seeds, potato & ginger besides soybean, oilseeds, pulses, fruits_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Sedimentary soil, Brown soil, Brownish soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Jammu & Kashmir--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Paddy, Wheat, Maize, Barley, Bajra, Jowar, Gram, Apple, Walnuts_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Brown Forest soil, Grey Brown Podzolic soil, Red & Yellow Podzolic soil, Hills Forest soil, Mountain Meadow soil, Saline Alkali soil, Alluvial soil_☄☄
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🔴🔵 *_--West Bengal--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Rice, Jute, Tea, Potatoes, Oilseeds, Betel, Vine, Tobacco, Wheat, Barley, Maize_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Laterite soil, Red soil, Alluvial soil, Coastal soil, Terai soil, Colluvial soil_☄☄
--------------------------------------
🔴🔵 *_--Karnataka--_*🔵🔴

🌾🌾 _Paddy, Jowar, Ragi, Maize, Sunflower, sugarcane, Cotton, Tobacco_🌾🌾

☄☄ _Red soil, Lateritic soil, Black soil, Alluvio-Colluvial soil, Forest soil, Coastal soil.

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What is photosphere?

Photosphere is the outer shell of star from which light is radiated. It is the innermost layer of the solar atmosphere to which our eyes can penetrate through the superficial transparent layers. Our view is obstructed beyond this layer by the rapidly increasing opacity of the denser layers of the gas as we go inward through it. Temperature of photosphere for Sun is about 5,800 K and values of pressure & density are low.

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What are essential fatty acids?

Human body can synthesize most of the fats it require. However, two essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linolenic, cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained from food. These basic fats, found in plant foods, are used to build other specialized fats called omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.
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How do night goggles work and what type of energy do they use?

Truth is, not all types of light is visible. The light that we can see is only part of the electromagnetic spectrum .There are other types of light, such as infrared and ultraviolet light, which cannot be seen by the naked eye .
In the darkest places, there will always be a little light, even if it only is infrared light. What the googles do is they "enhance the image". This means that the goggles "amplifies the light" if you will.

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What is 'Bank Run'

A bank run occurs when a large number of customers of a bank or another financial institution withdraw their deposits simultaneously due to concerns about the bank's solvency. As more people withdraw their funds, the probability of default increases, thereby prompting more people to withdraw their deposits. In extreme cases, the bank's reserves may not be sufficient to cover the withdrawals.

BREAKING DOWN 'Bank Run'

A bank run is typically the result of panic rather than true insolvency on the part of the bank. However, the bank does risk default as more individuals withdraw funds; what began as panic can turn into a true default situation. A bank run triggered by fear that pushes a bank into actual insolvency represents a classic example of a self-fulfilling prophecy.

How Bank Runs Happen

Because banks typically keep only a small percentage of deposits as cash on hand, they must increase cash to meet depositors' withdrawal demands. One method a bank uses to increase cash on hand is to sell off its assets, sometimes at significantly lower prices than if it did not have to sell quickly. Losses on selling the assets at lower prices can cause a bank to become insolvent. A bank panic occurs when multiple banks endure runs at the same time.

Bank Run Examples

The stock market crash of 1929 precipitated a spate of bank runs across the country, ultimately culminating in the Great Depression. The succession of bank runs that occurred in late 1929 and early 1930 represented a domino effect of sorts, as news of one bank failure spooked customers of nearby banks and prompted them to withdraw their money. For example, a single bank failure in Nashville led to a host of bank runs across the Southeast.

Other bank runs during the Depression occurred as a result of rumors started by individual customers. In December 1930, a New Yorker who had been advised by the Bank of United States against selling a particular stock left the branch and promptly began telling people the bank was unwilling or unable to sell his shares. Interpreting this as a sign of insolvency, bank customers lined up by the thousands and, within hours, withdrew over $2 million from the bank.

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