Global index of talent competitiveness
#KARPATHUIAS
@UPSC_2018
@UPSC_18
India has moved up on a global index of talent competitiveness to the 81st position
India has improved its position from 92nd last year
India was at the 89th place in 2016 on the index
About the index
The index measures how countries grow, attract and retain talent
It is released every year on the first day of the World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting
The study was released by Adecco, Insead and Tata Communications this year
#KARPATHUIAS
@UPSC_2018
@UPSC_18
India has moved up on a global index of talent competitiveness to the 81st position
India has improved its position from 92nd last year
India was at the 89th place in 2016 on the index
About the index
The index measures how countries grow, attract and retain talent
It is released every year on the first day of the World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting
The study was released by Adecco, Insead and Tata Communications this year
"Road kills” app – Wildlife Conservation Trust
@UPSC_2018
#KARPATHUIAS
‘Roadkills’, launched on January 21 by the ildlife Conservation Trust, will help citizens report such wildlife deaths by uploading geotagged photographs to a public forum.
The data generated can be used to identify crucial road or rail stretches that urgently require mitigation measures.
‘Roadkills’, an easy-to-use android app, accesses location information from phones and permits users to upload photographs of a dead wild animal on a road or a railway line.
The geotagged photographs, users can also include what taxon the animal belongs to (bird, mammal, reptile or amphibian), the species’ name (if known) and the area where the roadkill was seen.
The information from all records reported from across India with this citizen science initiative will be compiled as a database, which can soon be viewed on a map on the campaign’s website (www.roadkills.in).
The Wildlife Conservation Trust (WCT), an NGO which developed the app, will also share detailed data free of cost and under a Creative Commons licence to students, wildlife researchers or infrastructure agencies who may need it to study patterns of wildlife deaths on roads and railway lines.
The information generated from the application can help identify crucial sections of roads or railway lines where animal deaths are high to pinpoint regions that require urgent mitigation measures.
The data can also help determine what species are more at risk on specific road or rail stretches and plan the ideal mitigation measures suited for the location – from underpasses or overpasses for large mammals to canopy bridges for arboreal ones, such as monkeys.
“Unplanned development of roads and railway lines is the major cause of wildlife roadkill,” wildlife biologist Milind Pariwakam of WCT said.
The app has had 500 installations so far and will soon be launched as an IOS application. It will also cater to regional language users in future.
@UPSC_2018
#KARPATHUIAS
‘Roadkills’, launched on January 21 by the ildlife Conservation Trust, will help citizens report such wildlife deaths by uploading geotagged photographs to a public forum.
The data generated can be used to identify crucial road or rail stretches that urgently require mitigation measures.
‘Roadkills’, an easy-to-use android app, accesses location information from phones and permits users to upload photographs of a dead wild animal on a road or a railway line.
The geotagged photographs, users can also include what taxon the animal belongs to (bird, mammal, reptile or amphibian), the species’ name (if known) and the area where the roadkill was seen.
The information from all records reported from across India with this citizen science initiative will be compiled as a database, which can soon be viewed on a map on the campaign’s website (www.roadkills.in).
The Wildlife Conservation Trust (WCT), an NGO which developed the app, will also share detailed data free of cost and under a Creative Commons licence to students, wildlife researchers or infrastructure agencies who may need it to study patterns of wildlife deaths on roads and railway lines.
The information generated from the application can help identify crucial sections of roads or railway lines where animal deaths are high to pinpoint regions that require urgent mitigation measures.
The data can also help determine what species are more at risk on specific road or rail stretches and plan the ideal mitigation measures suited for the location – from underpasses or overpasses for large mammals to canopy bridges for arboreal ones, such as monkeys.
“Unplanned development of roads and railway lines is the major cause of wildlife roadkill,” wildlife biologist Milind Pariwakam of WCT said.
The app has had 500 installations so far and will soon be launched as an IOS application. It will also cater to regional language users in future.
The World Inequality Report findings (by the World Inequality Lab) released late last year – “Income inequality in India has reached historically high levels with the share of national income accruing to India’s top 1 per cent earners touching 22 per cent in 2014..”
#KARPATHUIAS
Oxfam report findings:
The richest 1 per cent in India cornered 73 per cent of the wealth generated in the country last year. Besides, 67 crore Indians comprising the population’s poorest half saw their wealth rise by just 1 per cent.
The situation appears even more grim globally, where 82 per cent of the wealth generated last year worldwide went to the 1 per cent, while 3.7 billion people that account for the poorest half of population saw no increase in their wealth.
#KARPATHUIAS
Oxfam report findings:
The richest 1 per cent in India cornered 73 per cent of the wealth generated in the country last year. Besides, 67 crore Indians comprising the population’s poorest half saw their wealth rise by just 1 per cent.
The situation appears even more grim globally, where 82 per cent of the wealth generated last year worldwide went to the 1 per cent, while 3.7 billion people that account for the poorest half of population saw no increase in their wealth.
Copy from positive people
🌱🌱🌱How to Become a More Powerful Person🌱🌱🌱
Those who think passively believe they are weaker than they actually are. With a small shift in perspective, they can really take control of their lives. I want to nail down the difference in these perspectives, so I’m going to give some thought examples. If the passive thinking examples resemble your thinking today, imagine how your behavior might change if you decided to think like the powerful example.
🌹Passive thinking: I should exercise today, but I’m a little tired and, oh, maybe I should do laundry. I should have done it yesterday. Are my new shoes coming in today?
🦋Powerful thinking: I will exercise today no matter what.
The Difference: Passive thinking is predictably unpredictable, distracted, more concerned with the past and future than right now, and it’s easily influenced by internal and external factors. Powerful thinking is simple, clear, concise, and focused on making valuable decisions in the present moment, and it isn’t influenced at all by external factors. The only internal factor that matters to a powerful thinker is their choice, what they decide to do.
🌹Passive thinking: Wow, I’ve been in such a rut lately. Ugh, I should be doing better than this. I just feel so drained, and now I’m in a bad mood, which makes me feel even worse. Uggghhhhhh. Why can’t my life be [better, different, like his/hers, etc.]? What am I doing wrong?
🦋Powerful thinking: That’s not how I wanted to start the day, but what’s done is done. I’m going to salvage the day (choice). I’ll work on the spreadsheets, meditate for 5 minutes, call James and Tim, and then head to the gym (all deliberate choices).
The Difference: Passive thinking focuses on their feelings of shame, disappointment, and inadequacy. It’s weak on solutions and strong on excuses. Negative feelings will loop, because it feels bad to feel bad. Comparison is also common, to another person’s life or to what they feel life should be like. Powerful thinking, however, may acknowledge a slow or undesired recent past, but then the mind will quickly recognize that these events have expired and are no longer worth thinking about. The powerful thinker will quickly begin making choices to shape their day into something they want.
🌹Passive thinkers observe their life and comment on it. They’re passengers.
🦋Powerful thinkers actively shape their lifestyle by making firm choices. They’re drivers.
🌱🌱🌱How to Become a More Powerful Person🌱🌱🌱
Those who think passively believe they are weaker than they actually are. With a small shift in perspective, they can really take control of their lives. I want to nail down the difference in these perspectives, so I’m going to give some thought examples. If the passive thinking examples resemble your thinking today, imagine how your behavior might change if you decided to think like the powerful example.
🌹Passive thinking: I should exercise today, but I’m a little tired and, oh, maybe I should do laundry. I should have done it yesterday. Are my new shoes coming in today?
🦋Powerful thinking: I will exercise today no matter what.
The Difference: Passive thinking is predictably unpredictable, distracted, more concerned with the past and future than right now, and it’s easily influenced by internal and external factors. Powerful thinking is simple, clear, concise, and focused on making valuable decisions in the present moment, and it isn’t influenced at all by external factors. The only internal factor that matters to a powerful thinker is their choice, what they decide to do.
🌹Passive thinking: Wow, I’ve been in such a rut lately. Ugh, I should be doing better than this. I just feel so drained, and now I’m in a bad mood, which makes me feel even worse. Uggghhhhhh. Why can’t my life be [better, different, like his/hers, etc.]? What am I doing wrong?
🦋Powerful thinking: That’s not how I wanted to start the day, but what’s done is done. I’m going to salvage the day (choice). I’ll work on the spreadsheets, meditate for 5 minutes, call James and Tim, and then head to the gym (all deliberate choices).
The Difference: Passive thinking focuses on their feelings of shame, disappointment, and inadequacy. It’s weak on solutions and strong on excuses. Negative feelings will loop, because it feels bad to feel bad. Comparison is also common, to another person’s life or to what they feel life should be like. Powerful thinking, however, may acknowledge a slow or undesired recent past, but then the mind will quickly recognize that these events have expired and are no longer worth thinking about. The powerful thinker will quickly begin making choices to shape their day into something they want.
🌹Passive thinkers observe their life and comment on it. They’re passengers.
🦋Powerful thinkers actively shape their lifestyle by making firm choices. They’re drivers.
When change is thrust upon us by internal shifts, the contexts of our lives, or conditions in the larger world, we can show our love by ways we confront challenges together.
➖ @UPSC_2018 ➖
➖ @UPSC_2018 ➖
Complete_Winners_List_of Padma Awards 2018
==============
Padma Vibhushan
@UPSC_2018
1. Shri Illaiyaraja
Art-Music
Tamil Nadu
2. Shri Ghulam Mustafa Khan
Art-Music
Maharashtra
3. Shri Parameswaran Parameswaran
Literature and Education
Kerala
Padma Bhushan
4. Shri Pankaj Advani
SportsBilliards/Snooker
Karnataka
5. Shri Philipose Mar Chrysostom
Others-Spiritualism
Kerala
6. Shri Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Sports-Cricket
Jharkhand
7. Shri Alexander Kadakin
(Foreigner/Posthumous)
Public Affairs
Russia
8. Shri Ramachandran Nagaswamy
Others-Archaeology
Tamil Nadu
9. Shri Ved Prakash Nanda
(OCI) Literature and Education
USA
10. Shri Laxman Pai
Art-Painting
Goa
11. Shri Arvind Parikh
Art-Music
Maharashtra
12. Ms. Sharda Sinha
Art-Music
Bihar
==============
Padma Vibhushan
@UPSC_2018
1. Shri Illaiyaraja
Art-Music
Tamil Nadu
2. Shri Ghulam Mustafa Khan
Art-Music
Maharashtra
3. Shri Parameswaran Parameswaran
Literature and Education
Kerala
Padma Bhushan
4. Shri Pankaj Advani
SportsBilliards/Snooker
Karnataka
5. Shri Philipose Mar Chrysostom
Others-Spiritualism
Kerala
6. Shri Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Sports-Cricket
Jharkhand
7. Shri Alexander Kadakin
(Foreigner/Posthumous)
Public Affairs
Russia
8. Shri Ramachandran Nagaswamy
Others-Archaeology
Tamil Nadu
9. Shri Ved Prakash Nanda
(OCI) Literature and Education
USA
10. Shri Laxman Pai
Art-Painting
Goa
11. Shri Arvind Parikh
Art-Music
Maharashtra
12. Ms. Sharda Sinha
Art-Music
Bihar
Recent events in the Supreme Court
#KARPATHUIAS
The Chief Justice of India (CJI)
allegedly decides the roster the way he sees fit
But the judges next to him in seniority are equally keen that it be done the conventional way
A certain trust deficit exists within the fraternity of judges
Would NJAC Act have reduced such a possibility?
The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was conceived as a six-member body comprising, ex-officio, the CJI, the two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, and the Union minister of law
In addition, there were to be two eminent persons who would be selected by a committee comprising the CJI, the prime minister of India, and the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha
In the matter of the appointment of the Supreme Court and the high court judges, two members combined could exercise a veto power on a candidate
In the proposed NJAC, the judiciary, with three members in a six-member committee, where a two-member coalition can exercise a veto, would have only 50% of the voting power
Judicial primacy Vs Exclusivity
The ideal of judicial primacy as embodied in Articles 124 and Articles 217 of the Constitution has been lauded as a guarantor of judicial independence in appointments
Primacy should imply that if the judges are united, the candidate they back must get appointed
The ideal of judicial primacy need not be equivalent to the demand of judicial exclusivity
Judicial exclusivity refers to the exclusive right of judges to be involved in the selection process as in the current system of the collegium
Does NJAC violate judicial primacy?
Taking into account the views and votes of entities outside the judiciary in the event the judges are disunited violates exclusivity but not primacy
In the absence of exclusivity, it is possible for a candidate not preferred by the CJI to become a judge
When consulted by the president, as required by the Constitution, the CJI would have to convey its support for a candidate not of its choice
Changes that can be made in proposed NJAC
A five-member NJAC consisting of the CJI, two Supreme Court judges, the Union law minister, and one person of eminence chosen should be considered
To preserve judicial primacy, it is best to do away with the veto altogether and allow any member to file a dissenting note
This dissent can be shared for public consumption after a certain amount of time has elapsed
Way Forward
B. R. Ambedkar had warned against the overweening influence of the executive in judicial appointments
This does not imply that executive participation should be wholly absent
The selection of the person of eminence must work on consensus to prevent the collusion of the political class
In view of allegations of corruption in the judiciary, especially related to the alleged collusion between some judges and lawyers, the relaxation of judicial exclusivity in the manner proposed allows a certain degree of social oversight on judicial appointments.
#KARPATHUIAS
The Chief Justice of India (CJI)
allegedly decides the roster the way he sees fit
But the judges next to him in seniority are equally keen that it be done the conventional way
A certain trust deficit exists within the fraternity of judges
Would NJAC Act have reduced such a possibility?
The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was conceived as a six-member body comprising, ex-officio, the CJI, the two senior-most judges of the Supreme Court, and the Union minister of law
In addition, there were to be two eminent persons who would be selected by a committee comprising the CJI, the prime minister of India, and the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha
In the matter of the appointment of the Supreme Court and the high court judges, two members combined could exercise a veto power on a candidate
In the proposed NJAC, the judiciary, with three members in a six-member committee, where a two-member coalition can exercise a veto, would have only 50% of the voting power
Judicial primacy Vs Exclusivity
The ideal of judicial primacy as embodied in Articles 124 and Articles 217 of the Constitution has been lauded as a guarantor of judicial independence in appointments
Primacy should imply that if the judges are united, the candidate they back must get appointed
The ideal of judicial primacy need not be equivalent to the demand of judicial exclusivity
Judicial exclusivity refers to the exclusive right of judges to be involved in the selection process as in the current system of the collegium
Does NJAC violate judicial primacy?
Taking into account the views and votes of entities outside the judiciary in the event the judges are disunited violates exclusivity but not primacy
In the absence of exclusivity, it is possible for a candidate not preferred by the CJI to become a judge
When consulted by the president, as required by the Constitution, the CJI would have to convey its support for a candidate not of its choice
Changes that can be made in proposed NJAC
A five-member NJAC consisting of the CJI, two Supreme Court judges, the Union law minister, and one person of eminence chosen should be considered
To preserve judicial primacy, it is best to do away with the veto altogether and allow any member to file a dissenting note
This dissent can be shared for public consumption after a certain amount of time has elapsed
Way Forward
B. R. Ambedkar had warned against the overweening influence of the executive in judicial appointments
This does not imply that executive participation should be wholly absent
The selection of the person of eminence must work on consensus to prevent the collusion of the political class
In view of allegations of corruption in the judiciary, especially related to the alleged collusion between some judges and lawyers, the relaxation of judicial exclusivity in the manner proposed allows a certain degree of social oversight on judicial appointments.
Protocol for Star Rating of Garbage-Free Cities
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
#KARPATHUIAS
The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has launched the ‘Protocol for Star Rating of Garbage-Free Cities’ in Goa. It has been developed under Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban for rating cities on 7-star rating system based on multiple cleanliness indicators for solid waste management.
Key Facts
Indicators: These include Door to Door garbage Collection, source segregation, sweeping, scientific processing of waste, bulk generator compliance, scientific land filling, construction and demolition management, plastic waste management, dump remediation & citizen grievance redressal system etc.
Rating: Cities will be rated as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 star based on their compliance with protocol conditions specified for each of rating. City will be given rating of 3 star or above only after it is declared ODF (Open Defecation Free).
Cities can self-declare themselves as 1-star, 2-star or 4-star provided that MoHUA carry out additional verification through independent third party to certify cities as 3-star, 5-star or 7-star. Cities need to get themselves recertified every year to retain their star-status.
Significance
It provides stakeholders with single metric to rate a city’s cleanliness, rather than separately evaluating multiple factors which contribute to city’s overall cleanliness and garbage free status. It will assess many cities for having higher stars as compared to only one city being “Cleanest city” under Swachh Survekshan.
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
#KARPATHUIAS
The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has launched the ‘Protocol for Star Rating of Garbage-Free Cities’ in Goa. It has been developed under Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban for rating cities on 7-star rating system based on multiple cleanliness indicators for solid waste management.
Key Facts
Indicators: These include Door to Door garbage Collection, source segregation, sweeping, scientific processing of waste, bulk generator compliance, scientific land filling, construction and demolition management, plastic waste management, dump remediation & citizen grievance redressal system etc.
Rating: Cities will be rated as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 star based on their compliance with protocol conditions specified for each of rating. City will be given rating of 3 star or above only after it is declared ODF (Open Defecation Free).
Cities can self-declare themselves as 1-star, 2-star or 4-star provided that MoHUA carry out additional verification through independent third party to certify cities as 3-star, 5-star or 7-star. Cities need to get themselves recertified every year to retain their star-status.
Significance
It provides stakeholders with single metric to rate a city’s cleanliness, rather than separately evaluating multiple factors which contribute to city’s overall cleanliness and garbage free status. It will assess many cities for having higher stars as compared to only one city being “Cleanest city” under Swachh Survekshan.
What exactly happens when a Vegetable is Boiled? Why does it become soft?
#KARPATHUIAS
There are two components to vegetables that make them crisp, pectin and starch. Pectin, which is basically a type of glue and is also used in jams and jellies for structure, breaks down at 183ºF / 83ºC at a slower rate than the starch cells do. In many cases this allows for more tender vegetables that have a unique texture to them.
There's other things that go on, such as vitamins being leeched into the water, but the temperature affecting the pectin is the reason for the softness.
#KARPATHUIAS
There are two components to vegetables that make them crisp, pectin and starch. Pectin, which is basically a type of glue and is also used in jams and jellies for structure, breaks down at 183ºF / 83ºC at a slower rate than the starch cells do. In many cases this allows for more tender vegetables that have a unique texture to them.
There's other things that go on, such as vitamins being leeched into the water, but the temperature affecting the pectin is the reason for the softness.
27 January 2018
#KARPATHUIAS
● Punjab CM Launches Benefits under 'Mahatma Gandhi Sarbat Vikas Yojana'
● India, Vietnam Release First-Ever Commemorative Stamps
● Small Finance and Payments Banks to Offer Atal Pension Yojana
● Usha Ananthasubramanian Becomes 1st Woman IBA Chief
● India to host informal WTO Ministerial gathering in March
● India, Cambodia ink four pacts to strengthen bilateral ties
● Kerala Literature Festival from February 8
● GST on houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna reduced to 8%
● Federal Bank stated that Abhaya Prasad Hota has joined its board as an independent director.
● Delhi wins maiden Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
● Caroline Wozniacki beats Simona Halep to win Australian Open
● Union Government announces PMs Shram Awards for 2016 to 50 workers
● WEF launches Global Centre for Cybersecurity
● India gifts ambulances, educational materials to Nepal
● Maharashtra Government comes up with helipad policy
● Pradhan Mantri LPG Panchayat launched in Jharkhand
● Chinese scientists clone monkeys for the first time
● Indian Railways has launched a one-of-its-kind touch-screen kiosk as a single-point inquiry station at New Delhi railway station.
● Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw ,Rajiv Lall have been appointed to the board of US India Business Council for 2018.
● Himachal CM Jai Ram Thakur launched the women's safety app 'Shakti'.
● India's first floating market is now open in Kolkata's Patuli area in West Bengal
● The leaders of India and ASEAN agreed to boost their maritime ties at a summit in New Delhi.
#KARPATHUIAS
● Punjab CM Launches Benefits under 'Mahatma Gandhi Sarbat Vikas Yojana'
● India, Vietnam Release First-Ever Commemorative Stamps
● Small Finance and Payments Banks to Offer Atal Pension Yojana
● Usha Ananthasubramanian Becomes 1st Woman IBA Chief
● India to host informal WTO Ministerial gathering in March
● India, Cambodia ink four pacts to strengthen bilateral ties
● Kerala Literature Festival from February 8
● GST on houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna reduced to 8%
● Federal Bank stated that Abhaya Prasad Hota has joined its board as an independent director.
● Delhi wins maiden Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
● Caroline Wozniacki beats Simona Halep to win Australian Open
● Union Government announces PMs Shram Awards for 2016 to 50 workers
● WEF launches Global Centre for Cybersecurity
● India gifts ambulances, educational materials to Nepal
● Maharashtra Government comes up with helipad policy
● Pradhan Mantri LPG Panchayat launched in Jharkhand
● Chinese scientists clone monkeys for the first time
● Indian Railways has launched a one-of-its-kind touch-screen kiosk as a single-point inquiry station at New Delhi railway station.
● Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw ,Rajiv Lall have been appointed to the board of US India Business Council for 2018.
● Himachal CM Jai Ram Thakur launched the women's safety app 'Shakti'.
● India's first floating market is now open in Kolkata's Patuli area in West Bengal
● The leaders of India and ASEAN agreed to boost their maritime ties at a summit in New Delhi.
ASEAN-India Commemorative Summit Issues Delhi Declaration
● The ASEAN-India Commemorative Summit was held in New Delhi to praise the 25th commemoration of the foundation of sectoral discourse between two sides under the topic of “Shared Values, Common Destiny”.
● It issued joint explanation titled Delhi Declaration after the whole session concentrating on counter-psychological oppression, personality security, military participation, and reciprocal money related help.
● Key Highlights of Delhi Declaration
√ Strengthening relations:
Called for reinforcing and extending ASEAN-India Strategic Partnership for shared advantage, over the entire range of political-security, monetary, socio-social and improvement collaboration.
√ Terrorism:
Called for fortifying and expanding ASEAN-India Strategic Partnership for shared preferred standpoint, over the whole scope of political-security, money related, socio-social and change joint effort.
√ Cyber-security:
Strengthen cooperation on cyber-security capacity building and policy coordination, including through supporting the implementation of ASEAN Cybersecurity Cooperation Strategy.
√ Transnational crimes:
It called for fortifying collaboration to battle other transnational violations, including individuals carrying, trafficking in people, unlawful medication trafficking, cybercrime, and theft and furnished burglary against ships.
√ Political and Security Cooperation:
Reaffirm significance of keeping up and advancing peace, dependability, sea wellbeing and security, flexibility of route and overflight in the locale.
√ It calls for other legal employments of oceans and to advance serene resolutions of debate, as per all around perceived standards of global law, including 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
√ Economic Ties:
The two sides reaffirmed to work to additionally fortify ASEAN-India financial relations, including through full use and viable execution of ASEAN-India Free Trade Area. They additionally called for quick conclusion to complete and commonly advantageous Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in 2018 to additionally exchange ties. They likewise anticipate build up ASEAN-India Trade and Investment Center.
√ Physical and digital connectivity:
Reaffirmed their commitment to enhance physical and digital connectivity in line with Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity 2025 and ASEAN ICT Masterplan (AIM) 2020 by availing $1-billion line of credit (LoC) announced by India. They will also work towards encouraging early completion of India-Myanmar-Thailand (IMT) Trilateral Highway Project and extend it to Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam.
√ Conservation and sustainable use of marine resources in Indian and Pacific Oceans and address threats to these resources including illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, loss of coastal ecosystems and the adverse impacts of pollution, marine debris and ocean acidification.
√ Maritime cooperation:
It emphasised need to promote maritime transport cooperation and encourage potential private sector participation in development of seaports, maritime logistics network and maritime services in order to create greater efficient linkages and continue discussions on these priority areas.
√ MSMEs:
It calls for promotion of stable and sustainable growth for MSMEs, including through technology transfer, as well as enhancing capacity building, technical assistance, access to innovation and opportunities to integrate into global and regional value chains were agreed upon.
√ Peaceful exploitation of outer space:
India and ASEAN countries will continue to collaborate in peaceful exploitation of outer space, through implementation of the ASEAN-India Space Cooperation Programme. It will include launching of satellites, sustainable exploitation of ground, sea, atmospheric and digital resources for equitable development of region.
● The ASEAN-India Commemorative Summit was held in New Delhi to praise the 25th commemoration of the foundation of sectoral discourse between two sides under the topic of “Shared Values, Common Destiny”.
● It issued joint explanation titled Delhi Declaration after the whole session concentrating on counter-psychological oppression, personality security, military participation, and reciprocal money related help.
● Key Highlights of Delhi Declaration
√ Strengthening relations:
Called for reinforcing and extending ASEAN-India Strategic Partnership for shared advantage, over the entire range of political-security, monetary, socio-social and improvement collaboration.
√ Terrorism:
Called for fortifying and expanding ASEAN-India Strategic Partnership for shared preferred standpoint, over the whole scope of political-security, money related, socio-social and change joint effort.
√ Cyber-security:
Strengthen cooperation on cyber-security capacity building and policy coordination, including through supporting the implementation of ASEAN Cybersecurity Cooperation Strategy.
√ Transnational crimes:
It called for fortifying collaboration to battle other transnational violations, including individuals carrying, trafficking in people, unlawful medication trafficking, cybercrime, and theft and furnished burglary against ships.
√ Political and Security Cooperation:
Reaffirm significance of keeping up and advancing peace, dependability, sea wellbeing and security, flexibility of route and overflight in the locale.
√ It calls for other legal employments of oceans and to advance serene resolutions of debate, as per all around perceived standards of global law, including 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
√ Economic Ties:
The two sides reaffirmed to work to additionally fortify ASEAN-India financial relations, including through full use and viable execution of ASEAN-India Free Trade Area. They additionally called for quick conclusion to complete and commonly advantageous Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in 2018 to additionally exchange ties. They likewise anticipate build up ASEAN-India Trade and Investment Center.
√ Physical and digital connectivity:
Reaffirmed their commitment to enhance physical and digital connectivity in line with Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity 2025 and ASEAN ICT Masterplan (AIM) 2020 by availing $1-billion line of credit (LoC) announced by India. They will also work towards encouraging early completion of India-Myanmar-Thailand (IMT) Trilateral Highway Project and extend it to Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam.
√ Conservation and sustainable use of marine resources in Indian and Pacific Oceans and address threats to these resources including illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, loss of coastal ecosystems and the adverse impacts of pollution, marine debris and ocean acidification.
√ Maritime cooperation:
It emphasised need to promote maritime transport cooperation and encourage potential private sector participation in development of seaports, maritime logistics network and maritime services in order to create greater efficient linkages and continue discussions on these priority areas.
√ MSMEs:
It calls for promotion of stable and sustainable growth for MSMEs, including through technology transfer, as well as enhancing capacity building, technical assistance, access to innovation and opportunities to integrate into global and regional value chains were agreed upon.
√ Peaceful exploitation of outer space:
India and ASEAN countries will continue to collaborate in peaceful exploitation of outer space, through implementation of the ASEAN-India Space Cooperation Programme. It will include launching of satellites, sustainable exploitation of ground, sea, atmospheric and digital resources for equitable development of region.
SBI - STATE BANK OF INDIA
#KARPATHUIAS
State bank group means State bank of India and its associates.
- SBI previous name – “Imperial bank of India”.
o Created in – 1921 by amalgamating 3 banks – Presidency of Bengal, Bombay and Madras.
- By enacting SBI Act, 1955 the government partially nationalized imperial bank of India and renamed it as SBI.
- In 1959 – by enacting SBI (Associates) Act, 1959 the government brought 8 banks of former princely states under SBI as its associates. They were -
o State bank of Bikaner
o State bank pf Jaipur
o State bank of Hyderabad o State bank of Indore
o State bank of Mysore
o State bank of Saurasthra o State bank of Patiala
o State bank of Travancore
- State bank of Bikaner and Jaipur were merged and known as SBBJ (state bank of Bikaner and Jaipur)
- 2008 - State bank of Saurasthra was merged with state bank of India.
- Now number of associate banks is 5
- SBI – largest public sector bank in country.
- Previously RBI was having 92% share in SBI.
o To unload RBI from its administrative work and to endow it with only regulatory functions, RBI’s shareholding was transferred to government of India.
#KARPATHUIAS
State bank group means State bank of India and its associates.
- SBI previous name – “Imperial bank of India”.
o Created in – 1921 by amalgamating 3 banks – Presidency of Bengal, Bombay and Madras.
- By enacting SBI Act, 1955 the government partially nationalized imperial bank of India and renamed it as SBI.
- In 1959 – by enacting SBI (Associates) Act, 1959 the government brought 8 banks of former princely states under SBI as its associates. They were -
o State bank of Bikaner
o State bank pf Jaipur
o State bank of Hyderabad o State bank of Indore
o State bank of Mysore
o State bank of Saurasthra o State bank of Patiala
o State bank of Travancore
- State bank of Bikaner and Jaipur were merged and known as SBBJ (state bank of Bikaner and Jaipur)
- 2008 - State bank of Saurasthra was merged with state bank of India.
- Now number of associate banks is 5
- SBI – largest public sector bank in country.
- Previously RBI was having 92% share in SBI.
o To unload RBI from its administrative work and to endow it with only regulatory functions, RBI’s shareholding was transferred to government of India.
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Bank rate or discount rate policy
📖 #KARPATHUIAS
• Discount means the process of converting a bill into money at an earlier date than that is mentioned in the bill of exchange (maturity date).
• The discount is carried if the receiver of the bill of exchange needs money urgently.
• In this process, the receiver can approach a bank. The bank accepts the bill of exchange
and pays. For this purpose, it can deduct some percentage of money as interest.
Example – for a bill of exchange of 2000 the bank may pay `1840 after deducting 8% interest.
• On the maturity date, the bank will receive full amount from the purchaser. But if the bank needs money urgently the bank will convert these into monies at a lesser discount rate from RBI.
• Example – at 6% the bank will receive 1880. The profit for bank is 40. This is called as rediscount. This rate is called as bank rate or discount rate. Apart from bills of exchange, the commercial banks get their government securities discounted from RBI.
• To be precise, the bank rate or the discount rate is the rate fixed by the central bank at which it rediscounts first class bills of exchange and government securities held by commercial banks.
• By varying bank rate, the RBI controls the credit. If RBI offers discount at a higher rate (increases the bank rate(BR)) the bank’s profit may be affected. So, it will not approach RBI for discounting or will charge higher discount rate from customer. So the customer may not discount his bill. Hence, the money supply will be low. The reverse is the case when RBI reduces the bank rate. So, depending on the economic condition, RBI alters the bank rate. If there is high inflation, the bank rate will be high and vice versa.
• In short – If BR↑(high) → profit of bank↓(low) → money supply↓
• If BR↓ → profit of bank ↑ → money supply↑
• The rate has direct impact on long—term lending activities of the concerned lending
bodies operating in the Indian financial system. The rate was realigned with the MSF (Marginal Standing Facility) by the RBI in February 2012.
📖 #KARPATHUIAS
• Discount means the process of converting a bill into money at an earlier date than that is mentioned in the bill of exchange (maturity date).
• The discount is carried if the receiver of the bill of exchange needs money urgently.
• In this process, the receiver can approach a bank. The bank accepts the bill of exchange
and pays. For this purpose, it can deduct some percentage of money as interest.
Example – for a bill of exchange of 2000 the bank may pay `1840 after deducting 8% interest.
• On the maturity date, the bank will receive full amount from the purchaser. But if the bank needs money urgently the bank will convert these into monies at a lesser discount rate from RBI.
• Example – at 6% the bank will receive 1880. The profit for bank is 40. This is called as rediscount. This rate is called as bank rate or discount rate. Apart from bills of exchange, the commercial banks get their government securities discounted from RBI.
• To be precise, the bank rate or the discount rate is the rate fixed by the central bank at which it rediscounts first class bills of exchange and government securities held by commercial banks.
• By varying bank rate, the RBI controls the credit. If RBI offers discount at a higher rate (increases the bank rate(BR)) the bank’s profit may be affected. So, it will not approach RBI for discounting or will charge higher discount rate from customer. So the customer may not discount his bill. Hence, the money supply will be low. The reverse is the case when RBI reduces the bank rate. So, depending on the economic condition, RBI alters the bank rate. If there is high inflation, the bank rate will be high and vice versa.
• In short – If BR↑(high) → profit of bank↓(low) → money supply↓
• If BR↓ → profit of bank ↑ → money supply↑
• The rate has direct impact on long—term lending activities of the concerned lending
bodies operating in the Indian financial system. The rate was realigned with the MSF (Marginal Standing Facility) by the RBI in February 2012.
RCEP
(1). RCEP stands for Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
(2). It is a proposed free trade agreement between countries of ASEAN(10 countries) and 6 other countries with which ASEAN has existing FTAs (including India).
(3). 10 ASEAN nations are :
a. Brunei,
b. Burma (Myanmar),
c. Cambodia,
d. Indonesia,
e. Laos,
f. Malaysia,
g. Philippines,
h. Singapore,
i. Thailand,
j. Vietnam
(4). 6 Other Nations are :
a. Australia,
b. China,
c. India,
d. Japan,
e. South Korea and
f. New Zealand
(5). RCEP negotiations were formally launched in November 2012 at the ASEAN Summit in Cambodia
(6). RCEP is viewed as an alternative to the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement, which includes the United States but excludes China
(7). RCEP potentially includes more than 3 billion people or 45% of the world’s population, and a combined GDP of about $21.3 trillion, accounting for about 40 percent of world trade
(8). The combined GDP of potential of RCEP members surpassed the combined GDP of Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) members in 2007.
(1). RCEP stands for Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
(2). It is a proposed free trade agreement between countries of ASEAN(10 countries) and 6 other countries with which ASEAN has existing FTAs (including India).
(3). 10 ASEAN nations are :
a. Brunei,
b. Burma (Myanmar),
c. Cambodia,
d. Indonesia,
e. Laos,
f. Malaysia,
g. Philippines,
h. Singapore,
i. Thailand,
j. Vietnam
(4). 6 Other Nations are :
a. Australia,
b. China,
c. India,
d. Japan,
e. South Korea and
f. New Zealand
(5). RCEP negotiations were formally launched in November 2012 at the ASEAN Summit in Cambodia
(6). RCEP is viewed as an alternative to the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement, which includes the United States but excludes China
(7). RCEP potentially includes more than 3 billion people or 45% of the world’s population, and a combined GDP of about $21.3 trillion, accounting for about 40 percent of world trade
(8). The combined GDP of potential of RCEP members surpassed the combined GDP of Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) members in 2007.