ELECTRONIC VEHICLES
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
• India, the world’s third-largest consumer and fastest-growing major market,
could see a cut of 8%-20% of current annual oil demand.
EV Target:
• The government has set an ambitious EV sales ratio target of 40% in 2032
with almost 100% in commercial applications (compares with China’s EV
target of 20% by 2025).
Measures to be taken:
• If the government is able to learn from the examples of other countries and
use incentives and prohibitions effectively, it may be possible to achieve a
rapid EV uptake scenario (hyper adoption) with 40% electrification for cars,
55% for 2- wheelers and 75% for buses.
• From building a policy framework to drive EV adoption to kick-starting the
EV ecosystem by investing in infrastructure and public transportation, the
move toward electric mobility in India requires everything to be done
Tackling the economic
slowdown
• Growth matters in India as a large number of persons have to make do with
far too few goods and services as it is which is how poverty is defined.
• Note that these goods also include public goods or goods that are accessed
by the entire populace of a country, such as parks, roads and bridges.
• Since these public goods are provided by government, the government
needs tax revenues to supply them, and these depend upon national income.
Then there is employment.
• A demand for labour exists only when there is a demand for goods. So
growth is necessary if employment is to be assured.
• India not only has a pool of unemployed persons to absorb but we also need
to provide employment to youth continuously entering the labour force.
• From this point of view, the slowing of the economy is a source of concern.
Measures to be taken:
• The correct approach would be to aim to balance the budget over the growth
cycle.
• The next immediate thing to do is to expand public investment in
infrastructure.
• Repair and reconstruction of India’s creaking infrastructure is the direction
in which greater public investment must now.
• It is the most direct and potent measure that can be undertaken to address
the slowdown the economy is experiencing.
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
• India, the world’s third-largest consumer and fastest-growing major market,
could see a cut of 8%-20% of current annual oil demand.
EV Target:
• The government has set an ambitious EV sales ratio target of 40% in 2032
with almost 100% in commercial applications (compares with China’s EV
target of 20% by 2025).
Measures to be taken:
• If the government is able to learn from the examples of other countries and
use incentives and prohibitions effectively, it may be possible to achieve a
rapid EV uptake scenario (hyper adoption) with 40% electrification for cars,
55% for 2- wheelers and 75% for buses.
• From building a policy framework to drive EV adoption to kick-starting the
EV ecosystem by investing in infrastructure and public transportation, the
move toward electric mobility in India requires everything to be done
Tackling the economic
slowdown
• Growth matters in India as a large number of persons have to make do with
far too few goods and services as it is which is how poverty is defined.
• Note that these goods also include public goods or goods that are accessed
by the entire populace of a country, such as parks, roads and bridges.
• Since these public goods are provided by government, the government
needs tax revenues to supply them, and these depend upon national income.
Then there is employment.
• A demand for labour exists only when there is a demand for goods. So
growth is necessary if employment is to be assured.
• India not only has a pool of unemployed persons to absorb but we also need
to provide employment to youth continuously entering the labour force.
• From this point of view, the slowing of the economy is a source of concern.
Measures to be taken:
• The correct approach would be to aim to balance the budget over the growth
cycle.
• The next immediate thing to do is to expand public investment in
infrastructure.
• Repair and reconstruction of India’s creaking infrastructure is the direction
in which greater public investment must now.
• It is the most direct and potent measure that can be undertaken to address
the slowdown the economy is experiencing.
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
What is E-Gold?
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
E-gold was a digital gold currency operated by Gold & Silver Reserve Inc. (G&SR) under e-gold Ltd. that allowed users to open an account on their web site denominated in grams of gold (or other precious metals) and the ability to make instant transfers of value ("spends") to other e-gold accounts.
How many watts are equal to 1 unit in an electricity bill?
The electricity bills are nothing but energy consumption bills and not power consumption bills.
Energy=Power * time
When we say we have consumed 1 unit of electricity, that means we have consumed 1kWhr of electrical energy.
1 Unit= kilo watt hour.
So, for example if you use 10 watt of lamp for 100 hours, the electricity consumed will be 1000 watt hour. That is 1kWhr, nothing but 1 Unit of Electrical Energy.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
E-gold was a digital gold currency operated by Gold & Silver Reserve Inc. (G&SR) under e-gold Ltd. that allowed users to open an account on their web site denominated in grams of gold (or other precious metals) and the ability to make instant transfers of value ("spends") to other e-gold accounts.
How many watts are equal to 1 unit in an electricity bill?
The electricity bills are nothing but energy consumption bills and not power consumption bills.
Energy=Power * time
When we say we have consumed 1 unit of electricity, that means we have consumed 1kWhr of electrical energy.
1 Unit= kilo watt hour.
So, for example if you use 10 watt of lamp for 100 hours, the electricity consumed will be 1000 watt hour. That is 1kWhr, nothing but 1 Unit of Electrical Energy.
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
❤1
Why are the tyres of the car black?
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Actually Carbon Black is not added as a coloring agent,it is a filler. Vulcanized rubber does not have very good wear resistance and hence a tire made of pure vulcanized rubber would wear out soon.
Carbon Black also increases the damping properties of rubber, thus transferring less shock loads to the automobile.
In addition to this Carbon Black is a good conductor of heat and would help conduct heat away from the surface with contact to the road and help maintain a healthy tire temperature.
An added bonus is that addition of carbon black increases the coefficient of friction with the road surface thus making it safer to drive.
What is Micturition syncope?
Micturition syncope or post-micturition syncope is the name given to the human phenomenon of fainting shortly after or during urination. The underlying cause is not fully understood but it may be a result of vasovagal response, postural hypotension, or a combination thereof.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Actually Carbon Black is not added as a coloring agent,it is a filler. Vulcanized rubber does not have very good wear resistance and hence a tire made of pure vulcanized rubber would wear out soon.
Carbon Black also increases the damping properties of rubber, thus transferring less shock loads to the automobile.
In addition to this Carbon Black is a good conductor of heat and would help conduct heat away from the surface with contact to the road and help maintain a healthy tire temperature.
An added bonus is that addition of carbon black increases the coefficient of friction with the road surface thus making it safer to drive.
What is Micturition syncope?
Micturition syncope or post-micturition syncope is the name given to the human phenomenon of fainting shortly after or during urination. The underlying cause is not fully understood but it may be a result of vasovagal response, postural hypotension, or a combination thereof.
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
Which was the first Nuclear Submarine?
@UPSC_2018
USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine. The vessel was the first submarine to complete a submerged transit of the North Pole on 3rd August 1958.
On July 23, 1958, NAUTILUS departed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii under top secret orders to conduct "Operation Sunshine", the first crossing of the North Pole by a ship.
@UPSC_2018
USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine. The vessel was the first submarine to complete a submerged transit of the North Pole on 3rd August 1958.
On July 23, 1958, NAUTILUS departed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii under top secret orders to conduct "Operation Sunshine", the first crossing of the North Pole by a ship.
What is difference between Yoghurt and Curd?
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
Yogurt and curd are two different types of dairy products. These two are two different forms of milk that are created by fermenting milk in some way. Yogurt and curd play an important part in cooking and diet in many different cultures around the world. These are completely different from each other in almost every aspect.
Yogurt is a diary product that is created by fermenting milk using bacteria. The bacteria that is used to ferment milk is known as ‘yogurt cultures’. The bacteria ferment the lactose in the milk causing it to produce lactic acid, which gives yogurt its tangy and acidic taste.
Curds are another type of dairy product. Curds are made by curdling or coagulating the milk. This can be done by mixing edible acidic substances in to the milk, such as lemon juice or vinegar. Introducing these substance to the milk, will allow the milk to curdle and separate into two parts. The liquid part is the whey and the milk solids will be the curds. The whey contains the whey proteins of the milk, whereas the curds are the milk proteins or casein. Sometimes old milk might sour and separate without the added acidic substances.
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
Yogurt and curd are two different types of dairy products. These two are two different forms of milk that are created by fermenting milk in some way. Yogurt and curd play an important part in cooking and diet in many different cultures around the world. These are completely different from each other in almost every aspect.
Yogurt is a diary product that is created by fermenting milk using bacteria. The bacteria that is used to ferment milk is known as ‘yogurt cultures’. The bacteria ferment the lactose in the milk causing it to produce lactic acid, which gives yogurt its tangy and acidic taste.
Curds are another type of dairy product. Curds are made by curdling or coagulating the milk. This can be done by mixing edible acidic substances in to the milk, such as lemon juice or vinegar. Introducing these substance to the milk, will allow the milk to curdle and separate into two parts. The liquid part is the whey and the milk solids will be the curds. The whey contains the whey proteins of the milk, whereas the curds are the milk proteins or casein. Sometimes old milk might sour and separate without the added acidic substances.
What is the difference between Mbps and MBps?
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
The Difference between a Megabyte (MB) and a Megabit (Mb).
One thing that often gives people confusion is the difference between a Megabyte (used for file size) and a Megabit (used for download speeds). People often assume that a download speed of 1 Megabit per second (1 Mbps) will allow them to download a 1 Megabyte file in one second. This is not the case, a Megabit is 1/8 as big as a Megabyte, meaning that to download a 1 MB file in 1 second you would need a connection of 8 Mbps. The difference between a Gigabyte (GB) and a Gigabit (Gb) is the same, with a Gigabyte being 8 times larger than a Gigabit.
Mbps means megabits per second. Mb is used for download and upload speed.
MBps stands for megabytes per second. MB is used for file size.
You’ll spot these terms when you download a file from the Internet or transfer data from one device to another. They show the data transfer rate. Your connection speed (download and upload) will display as megabits per second. But, you’re downloading or transferring megabytes.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
The Difference between a Megabyte (MB) and a Megabit (Mb).
One thing that often gives people confusion is the difference between a Megabyte (used for file size) and a Megabit (used for download speeds). People often assume that a download speed of 1 Megabit per second (1 Mbps) will allow them to download a 1 Megabyte file in one second. This is not the case, a Megabit is 1/8 as big as a Megabyte, meaning that to download a 1 MB file in 1 second you would need a connection of 8 Mbps. The difference between a Gigabyte (GB) and a Gigabit (Gb) is the same, with a Gigabyte being 8 times larger than a Gigabit.
Mbps means megabits per second. Mb is used for download and upload speed.
MBps stands for megabytes per second. MB is used for file size.
You’ll spot these terms when you download a file from the Internet or transfer data from one device to another. They show the data transfer rate. Your connection speed (download and upload) will display as megabits per second. But, you’re downloading or transferring megabytes.
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
Modi suggests 10 ‘noble commitments’ for global transformation
Suggesting the 10 commitments, he said
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* “Creating a safer world by organised and coordinated action on at least three issues: counter-terrorism, cyber security and disaster management.” He also said that the bedrock of India’s development agenda laid in the notion of “sabka saath, sabka vikaas” (collective effort, inclusive growth). Stating that India has mapped each of the UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to its own development programmes and scheme, he said: “Our programmes are geared to accomplish these priority goals in a time-bound manner.
“To cite just one example, our three-pronged approach of providing a bank account to the unbanked, providing a biometric identity to all, and using innovative mobile governance solutions, has enabled direct benefit transfers to almost 360 million people for the first time.”
* The Prime Minister called for creating a greener world by taking concerted action on countering climate change, through initiatives such as the India-initiated International Solar Alliance.
* Another suggestion was for creating an enabled world by sharing and deploying suitable technologies to enhance efficiency, economy and effectiveness.
* Reiterating his vision for a digital economic and financial system, Mr. Modi called for creating an inclusive world “by economic mainstreaming of our people including in the banking and financial system”.
* “Creating a digital world by bridging the digital divide within and outside our economies.
* “Creating a skilled world by giving future-ready skills to millions of our youth.”
* Mr.Modi also called for creating a healthier world by cooperating in research and development to eradicate diseases, and enabling affordable health care for all.
* In creating an equitable world, he said the BRICS nations should provide equality of opportunity to all, particularly through gender equality.
* In terms of a connected world, he suggested enabling of free flow of goods, persons and services.
* He also called for creating a harmonious world “by promoting ideologies, practices, and heritage that are centred on peaceful coexistence and living in harmony with nature”.
“Through these agenda points, and action on them, we will be contributing directly to the welfare of the global community in addition to welfare of our own people.
“And in this, India stands ready as a willing and committed partner to enhance cooperation and support each other’s national efforts,”
Suggesting the 10 commitments, he said
#KARPATHUIAS
* “Creating a safer world by organised and coordinated action on at least three issues: counter-terrorism, cyber security and disaster management.” He also said that the bedrock of India’s development agenda laid in the notion of “sabka saath, sabka vikaas” (collective effort, inclusive growth). Stating that India has mapped each of the UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to its own development programmes and scheme, he said: “Our programmes are geared to accomplish these priority goals in a time-bound manner.
“To cite just one example, our three-pronged approach of providing a bank account to the unbanked, providing a biometric identity to all, and using innovative mobile governance solutions, has enabled direct benefit transfers to almost 360 million people for the first time.”
* The Prime Minister called for creating a greener world by taking concerted action on countering climate change, through initiatives such as the India-initiated International Solar Alliance.
* Another suggestion was for creating an enabled world by sharing and deploying suitable technologies to enhance efficiency, economy and effectiveness.
* Reiterating his vision for a digital economic and financial system, Mr. Modi called for creating an inclusive world “by economic mainstreaming of our people including in the banking and financial system”.
* “Creating a digital world by bridging the digital divide within and outside our economies.
* “Creating a skilled world by giving future-ready skills to millions of our youth.”
* Mr.Modi also called for creating a healthier world by cooperating in research and development to eradicate diseases, and enabling affordable health care for all.
* In creating an equitable world, he said the BRICS nations should provide equality of opportunity to all, particularly through gender equality.
* In terms of a connected world, he suggested enabling of free flow of goods, persons and services.
* He also called for creating a harmonious world “by promoting ideologies, practices, and heritage that are centred on peaceful coexistence and living in harmony with nature”.
“Through these agenda points, and action on them, we will be contributing directly to the welfare of the global community in addition to welfare of our own people.
“And in this, India stands ready as a willing and committed partner to enhance cooperation and support each other’s national efforts,”
Sovereign Gold Bonds
Ministry/Department : Ministry of Finance in association with RBI
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Objective: To reduce the demand for physical gold by shifting a part of the demand for physical gold into investment in Gold Bonds
Scheme:
* Bonds will be issued by RBI on behalf of govt.
* To be sold through bank, post offices and Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited
* The risk of gold price changes will be borne by the Gold Reserve Fund that is being created
* Sovereign Gold Bonds will be issued on payment of rupees and denominated in grams of gold
* Customers can buy gold bonds which will be relatable to the weight of gold.
* The bonds will be issued in various denominations for 5-7 years with a rate of interest to calculated on the value of the metal at the time of investment.
* Max 500 gms gold equivalent bond can be purchased in a year by one person. (This has been changed. See below)
* Only offered to Indian citizen and institutions.
* Strict KYC norms.
* Interest taxable as per IT Act,
* Capital gains tax treatment will be the same as for physical gold for an 'individual' investor.
* Rate of interest will be decided by government
* The bonds will be issued in denominations of 5,10,50,100 grams of gold or other denominations
* Bonds can be used as collateral for loans
* On maturity, the redemption will be in rupee amount only.
* The rate of interest on the bonds will be calculated on the value of the gold at the time of investment.
**Factual Information:**
* Started in 2015
Progress so far and changes:
* The mobilisation target under the scheme was Rs. 15,000 crore in 2015-16 and at Rs.10,000 crore in 2016-17. However, the amount so far credited in Government account is Rs. 4,769 crore.
Changes in scheme:
* The investment limit under the scheme per fiscal year has been increased to 4 kg for individuals, 4 Kg for Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) and 20 Kg for Trusts and similar entities notified by the Government. The ceiling will be counted on financial year basis and will include the SGBs purchased during the trading in the secondary market.
* Ministry of Finance (the issuer) has been given flexibility to design and introduce variants of SGBs with different interest rates and risk protection that will offer investment alternatives to different category of investors.
Ministry/Department : Ministry of Finance in association with RBI
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Objective: To reduce the demand for physical gold by shifting a part of the demand for physical gold into investment in Gold Bonds
Scheme:
* Bonds will be issued by RBI on behalf of govt.
* To be sold through bank, post offices and Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited
* The risk of gold price changes will be borne by the Gold Reserve Fund that is being created
* Sovereign Gold Bonds will be issued on payment of rupees and denominated in grams of gold
* Customers can buy gold bonds which will be relatable to the weight of gold.
* The bonds will be issued in various denominations for 5-7 years with a rate of interest to calculated on the value of the metal at the time of investment.
* Max 500 gms gold equivalent bond can be purchased in a year by one person. (This has been changed. See below)
* Only offered to Indian citizen and institutions.
* Strict KYC norms.
* Interest taxable as per IT Act,
* Capital gains tax treatment will be the same as for physical gold for an 'individual' investor.
* Rate of interest will be decided by government
* The bonds will be issued in denominations of 5,10,50,100 grams of gold or other denominations
* Bonds can be used as collateral for loans
* On maturity, the redemption will be in rupee amount only.
* The rate of interest on the bonds will be calculated on the value of the gold at the time of investment.
**Factual Information:**
* Started in 2015
Progress so far and changes:
* The mobilisation target under the scheme was Rs. 15,000 crore in 2015-16 and at Rs.10,000 crore in 2016-17. However, the amount so far credited in Government account is Rs. 4,769 crore.
Changes in scheme:
* The investment limit under the scheme per fiscal year has been increased to 4 kg for individuals, 4 Kg for Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) and 20 Kg for Trusts and similar entities notified by the Government. The ceiling will be counted on financial year basis and will include the SGBs purchased during the trading in the secondary market.
* Ministry of Finance (the issuer) has been given flexibility to design and introduce variants of SGBs with different interest rates and risk protection that will offer investment alternatives to different category of investors.
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
Science And Technology
"James Webb Telescope"
Developed by NASA one of the largest space telescope —which will replace currently functioning Hubble Telescope.
is 100 times powerful than the Hubble Space Telescope and may find the first galaxies that were formed in the early universe.
The space telescope will provide images of the first galaxies ever formed, and explore planets around distant stars.
It is a joint project of the NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency.
The telescope is named as James Webb Space Telescope. JWST was formerly known as the "Next Generation Space Telescope" (NGST). It was renamed in Sept. 2002 after a former NASA administrator, James Webb
Unlike with Hubble, astronauts won’t be able to reach the JWST to fix a problem after it launches. The telescope will be stationed too far away for them to reach, about 930,000 miles from Earth.
Once it is in position, though, together the James Webb and Hubble will give scientists an unprecedented view of the universe.
Some salient feature of telescope
The Webb telescope’s infrared cameras are so sensitive that it needs to be shielded from the rays of the Sun. A five-layer sunshield of the size of a tennis court will prevent the
heat from interfering with the telescope’s infrared sensors.
The layers work together to reduce the temperatures between the hot and cold sides of the observatory by about 298 degrees Celsius. Each successive layer of the sunshield, made of kapton, is cooler than the one below.
"James Webb Telescope"
Developed by NASA one of the largest space telescope —which will replace currently functioning Hubble Telescope.
is 100 times powerful than the Hubble Space Telescope and may find the first galaxies that were formed in the early universe.
The space telescope will provide images of the first galaxies ever formed, and explore planets around distant stars.
It is a joint project of the NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency.
The telescope is named as James Webb Space Telescope. JWST was formerly known as the "Next Generation Space Telescope" (NGST). It was renamed in Sept. 2002 after a former NASA administrator, James Webb
Unlike with Hubble, astronauts won’t be able to reach the JWST to fix a problem after it launches. The telescope will be stationed too far away for them to reach, about 930,000 miles from Earth.
Once it is in position, though, together the James Webb and Hubble will give scientists an unprecedented view of the universe.
Some salient feature of telescope
The Webb telescope’s infrared cameras are so sensitive that it needs to be shielded from the rays of the Sun. A five-layer sunshield of the size of a tennis court will prevent the
heat from interfering with the telescope’s infrared sensors.
The layers work together to reduce the temperatures between the hot and cold sides of the observatory by about 298 degrees Celsius. Each successive layer of the sunshield, made of kapton, is cooler than the one below.
Who designed the White House and who lived at the White House first?
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
The residence was designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban in the neoclassical style. Construction took place between 1792 and 1800 using Aquia Creek sandstone painted white. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he(with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) added low colonnades on each wing that concealed stable and storage.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
What is Atlas Robot?
Atlas is a bipedal humanoid robot primarily developed by the American robotics company Boston Dynamics, with funding and oversight from the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The 1.8-meter (6 ft) robot is designed for a variety of search and rescue tasks, and was unveiled to the public on July 11, 2013.
What is the history of Hole Punch?
The origin of humble office tool hole puncher or hole punch are quite unknown. For the first time, the two-hole punch was introduced by Friedrich Soennecken, a German businessman and inventor, on 14 November 1886. It was called Papierlocher für Sammelmappen (paper hole maker for binding). The design has not much changed after this invention.
What is underwater Hockey known as?
Underwater Hockey (UWH), also known as Octopush (mainly in the United Kingdom) is a globally played limited-contact sport in which two teams compete to manoeuvre a puck across the bottom of a swimming pool into the opposing team's goal by propelling it with a hockey stick (bat).
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
The residence was designed by Irish-born architect James Hoban in the neoclassical style. Construction took place between 1792 and 1800 using Aquia Creek sandstone painted white. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he(with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) added low colonnades on each wing that concealed stable and storage.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
What is Atlas Robot?
Atlas is a bipedal humanoid robot primarily developed by the American robotics company Boston Dynamics, with funding and oversight from the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The 1.8-meter (6 ft) robot is designed for a variety of search and rescue tasks, and was unveiled to the public on July 11, 2013.
What is the history of Hole Punch?
The origin of humble office tool hole puncher or hole punch are quite unknown. For the first time, the two-hole punch was introduced by Friedrich Soennecken, a German businessman and inventor, on 14 November 1886. It was called Papierlocher für Sammelmappen (paper hole maker for binding). The design has not much changed after this invention.
What is underwater Hockey known as?
Underwater Hockey (UWH), also known as Octopush (mainly in the United Kingdom) is a globally played limited-contact sport in which two teams compete to manoeuvre a puck across the bottom of a swimming pool into the opposing team's goal by propelling it with a hockey stick (bat).
YouTube
Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
Do mosquitoes have teeth?
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Mosquitoes have a long tube attached to their mouth, which is designed like a hollow needle called a proboscis. Using their proboscis, mosquitoes are able to pierce your skin and extract your blood, like they were sipping it out of a straw. Consider yourself one, big, mosquito soda fountain!
A mosquito’s proboscis has 47 sharp edges on its tip to help it cut through skin and even protective layers of clothing. Perhaps this is where the rumor of “mosquito teeth” comes from. Unlike human teeth, however, these sharp edges are not used to chew food since blood is already in a liquid form. These sharp edges are simply used to cut through skin. The pain you feel the moment a mosquito “bites” you is therefore not from the mosquito taking an actual bite out of your skin, but instead the pain from the initial stab of sticking its proboscis into you.
What is the difference between Internet and Intranet?
Even today, many businesses and large organizations rely on an intranet to help their employees stay connected.
There’s one major distinction between an intranet and the Internet: The Internet is an open, public space, while an intranet is designed to be a private space. An intranet may be accessible from the Internet, but as a rule it’s protected by a password and accessible only to a company’s employees or other authorized users.
From within a company, an intranet server may respond much more quickly than a typical website. This is because the public Internet is at the mercy of traffic spikes, server breakdowns, and other problems that may slow the network.
Within a company, however, users have much more bandwidth and network hardware may be more reliable. This makes it easier to serve high- bandwidth content, such as audio and video, over an intranet.
What is Pavlov's dog?
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who performed an experiment involving a dog, food, and a bell.
Whenever food is presented to a dog, it would (naturally) salivate. In his experiment, Pavlov combined the ring of a bell whenever he presented food to the dog.
After a number of repeats of this procedure, he rang the bell on its own without presenting any food. The bell on its own now caused an increase in salivation in the dog, as if the dog is 'conditioned' to associate the neutral ring of the bell to yummy food delivery.
This experiment in 1890s became one of the first learning theories in cognitive sciences, termed classical conditioning or pavlovian conditioning.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Mosquitoes have a long tube attached to their mouth, which is designed like a hollow needle called a proboscis. Using their proboscis, mosquitoes are able to pierce your skin and extract your blood, like they were sipping it out of a straw. Consider yourself one, big, mosquito soda fountain!
A mosquito’s proboscis has 47 sharp edges on its tip to help it cut through skin and even protective layers of clothing. Perhaps this is where the rumor of “mosquito teeth” comes from. Unlike human teeth, however, these sharp edges are not used to chew food since blood is already in a liquid form. These sharp edges are simply used to cut through skin. The pain you feel the moment a mosquito “bites” you is therefore not from the mosquito taking an actual bite out of your skin, but instead the pain from the initial stab of sticking its proboscis into you.
What is the difference between Internet and Intranet?
Even today, many businesses and large organizations rely on an intranet to help their employees stay connected.
There’s one major distinction between an intranet and the Internet: The Internet is an open, public space, while an intranet is designed to be a private space. An intranet may be accessible from the Internet, but as a rule it’s protected by a password and accessible only to a company’s employees or other authorized users.
From within a company, an intranet server may respond much more quickly than a typical website. This is because the public Internet is at the mercy of traffic spikes, server breakdowns, and other problems that may slow the network.
Within a company, however, users have much more bandwidth and network hardware may be more reliable. This makes it easier to serve high- bandwidth content, such as audio and video, over an intranet.
What is Pavlov's dog?
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who performed an experiment involving a dog, food, and a bell.
Whenever food is presented to a dog, it would (naturally) salivate. In his experiment, Pavlov combined the ring of a bell whenever he presented food to the dog.
After a number of repeats of this procedure, he rang the bell on its own without presenting any food. The bell on its own now caused an increase in salivation in the dog, as if the dog is 'conditioned' to associate the neutral ring of the bell to yummy food delivery.
This experiment in 1890s became one of the first learning theories in cognitive sciences, termed classical conditioning or pavlovian conditioning.
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Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
The Governments Announcement
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Bringing relief to millions of Non Resident Indians (NRIs), Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs), the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) has said that Aadhaar as an identity document should be sought only from those who are eligible for the unique ID as per the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016.
This means that government agencies can now exempt those belonging to these categories from furnishing Aadhaar identity for availing services as they are not eligible for enrolling for the unique ID.
The circular stated that the Prevention of Money Laundering (Maintenance of Records) Rules, 2017 and the Income Tax Act, 1961 clearly stipulate that the linking of Bank Accounts and PAN respectively is for those persons who are eligible to enrol for Aadhaar as per the Aadhaar Act, 2016.
And individuals who were not assigned Aadhaar numbers shall be offered alternate and viable means of delivery of subsidy, benefit or service.
What was the need for this announcement?
What made the situation tricky for NRIs, PIOs and OCIs is that the Act as it stands today, allows only “residents” of India to enroll for the unique identity.
The circular said the UIDAI had received several representations from these sections, informing about difficulties faced by them as various authorities demanded Aadhaar from them in respect of various services/benefits etc like maintaining existing NRE and NRO bank accounts and appearance by students in different exams in India.
The Provisions of the Aadhar Act, 2016
The Act says every resident shall be entitled to obtain an Aadhaar number by submitting his demographic information and biometric information by undergoing the process of enrolment.
Who is a resident is further defined as an individual who has resided in India for a period or periods amounting in all to one hundred and eighty-two days or more in the twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment.
www.youtube.com/c/Karpathuias
Bringing relief to millions of Non Resident Indians (NRIs), Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs), the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) has said that Aadhaar as an identity document should be sought only from those who are eligible for the unique ID as per the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016.
This means that government agencies can now exempt those belonging to these categories from furnishing Aadhaar identity for availing services as they are not eligible for enrolling for the unique ID.
The circular stated that the Prevention of Money Laundering (Maintenance of Records) Rules, 2017 and the Income Tax Act, 1961 clearly stipulate that the linking of Bank Accounts and PAN respectively is for those persons who are eligible to enrol for Aadhaar as per the Aadhaar Act, 2016.
And individuals who were not assigned Aadhaar numbers shall be offered alternate and viable means of delivery of subsidy, benefit or service.
What was the need for this announcement?
What made the situation tricky for NRIs, PIOs and OCIs is that the Act as it stands today, allows only “residents” of India to enroll for the unique identity.
The circular said the UIDAI had received several representations from these sections, informing about difficulties faced by them as various authorities demanded Aadhaar from them in respect of various services/benefits etc like maintaining existing NRE and NRO bank accounts and appearance by students in different exams in India.
The Provisions of the Aadhar Act, 2016
The Act says every resident shall be entitled to obtain an Aadhaar number by submitting his demographic information and biometric information by undergoing the process of enrolment.
Who is a resident is further defined as an individual who has resided in India for a period or periods amounting in all to one hundred and eighty-two days or more in the twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment.
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Karpathu IAS
Vision : To create learning that accessible, effective, meaningfully and to share our experience and knowledge to our Tamilan brothers and sisters. Mission :...
Karpathu IAS: LIST OF IMPORTANT SESSIONS OF INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
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LIST OF IMPORTANT SESSIONS OF INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS
இந்திய தேசிய காங்கிரஸ் மாநாடுகள் நடைபெற்ற இடங்கள் தலைமை தாங்கியவர்கள் பற்றிய சில தகவல்கள்
The Congress was founded in 1885 by Indian and British members of the Theosophical Society movement, including Scotsman Allan Octavian Hume.
Its objective was to obtain…
The Congress was founded in 1885 by Indian and British members of the Theosophical Society movement, including Scotsman Allan Octavian Hume.
Its objective was to obtain…
What causes boiled egg yolks to turn green?
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@UPSC_2018
The green ring around the yolk of a hard cooked egg happens because hydrogen in the egg white combines with sulfur in the yolk. The cause is most often related to boiling the eggs too hard for too long. The green ring can also be caused by a high amount of iron in the cooking water.
How does a Pitcher plant eat?
Foraging, flying or crawling insects such as flies are attracted to the cavity formed by the cupped leaf, often by visual lures such as anthocyanin pigments, and nectar bribes. Furthermore, some pitcher plants contain mutualistic insect larvae, which feed on trapped prey, and whose excreta the plant absorbs.
What is world's strongest light beam?
The sky beam of the Luxor Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas is the strongest beam of light in the world.
At 42.3 billion candela, the Luxor Sky Beam is the strongest beam of light in the world, using computer-designed, curved mirrors to collect the light from 39 xenon lamps and focus them into one intense, narrow beam. On a clear night, the Sky Beam is visible up to 275 miles (443 km) away by aircraft at cruising altitude, such as over Los Angeles.
@UPSC_18
@UPSC_2018
The green ring around the yolk of a hard cooked egg happens because hydrogen in the egg white combines with sulfur in the yolk. The cause is most often related to boiling the eggs too hard for too long. The green ring can also be caused by a high amount of iron in the cooking water.
How does a Pitcher plant eat?
Foraging, flying or crawling insects such as flies are attracted to the cavity formed by the cupped leaf, often by visual lures such as anthocyanin pigments, and nectar bribes. Furthermore, some pitcher plants contain mutualistic insect larvae, which feed on trapped prey, and whose excreta the plant absorbs.
What is world's strongest light beam?
The sky beam of the Luxor Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas is the strongest beam of light in the world.
At 42.3 billion candela, the Luxor Sky Beam is the strongest beam of light in the world, using computer-designed, curved mirrors to collect the light from 39 xenon lamps and focus them into one intense, narrow beam. On a clear night, the Sky Beam is visible up to 275 miles (443 km) away by aircraft at cruising altitude, such as over Los Angeles.