Why does a camel have a hump?
https://t.me/UPSC_18
Camels do not store water in their humps, as it is commonly believed. The humps are actually reservoirs of fatty tissue. Concentrating body fat in their humps minimizes heat-trapping insulation throughout the rest of their body, which may be an adaptation to living in hot climates. When this tissue is metabolized, it acts as a source of energy and yields more than 1g of water for each 1g of fat converted through reaction with oxygen from air.
https://t.me/UPSC_18
Camels do not store water in their humps, as it is commonly believed. The humps are actually reservoirs of fatty tissue. Concentrating body fat in their humps minimizes heat-trapping insulation throughout the rest of their body, which may be an adaptation to living in hot climates. When this tissue is metabolized, it acts as a source of energy and yields more than 1g of water for each 1g of fat converted through reaction with oxygen from air.
@UPSC_18
Arunachal Pradesh: Separate Time Zone Issue
(1). There is a demand for a separate time zone for the northeastern states to improve work efficiency and save electricity in the region.
(2). According to him, several daylight hours are getting wasted as government offices opens only at 10am and closes as early as 4pm.
(3). IST iss fixed in 1906 at 82.5°, or 5.30 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
(4). Although it is not felt by most Indians, it really creates troubles for the people who live in North East.
(5). In North East, the day starts getting brighter by 4 AM and darker by 5 PM. The adoption of separate time zone would allow people of North East to begin early and use the time which is currently wasted.
(6). The chaibagan time was introduced by the British over 150 years ago. It was set one hour ahead of the Indian Standard Time (IST) for tea estates, collieries and oil industry of Assam.
Arunachal Pradesh: Separate Time Zone Issue
(1). There is a demand for a separate time zone for the northeastern states to improve work efficiency and save electricity in the region.
(2). According to him, several daylight hours are getting wasted as government offices opens only at 10am and closes as early as 4pm.
(3). IST iss fixed in 1906 at 82.5°, or 5.30 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
(4). Although it is not felt by most Indians, it really creates troubles for the people who live in North East.
(5). In North East, the day starts getting brighter by 4 AM and darker by 5 PM. The adoption of separate time zone would allow people of North East to begin early and use the time which is currently wasted.
(6). The chaibagan time was introduced by the British over 150 years ago. It was set one hour ahead of the Indian Standard Time (IST) for tea estates, collieries and oil industry of Assam.
Submit your rating and comments of this channel. Helps to improve the service
https://telegram.me/tchannelsbot?start=UPSC_2018
Be heard 💪,Team
https://telegram.me/tchannelsbot?start=UPSC_2018
Be heard 💪,Team
Telegram
Telegram Channels Bot
Discover the best channels 📢 available on Telegram. Explore charts, rate ⭐️ and enjoy updates! TChannels.me
Difference Between P.O.S & ATM Machine
P.O.S ~
Point of Sale terminal is a combination of software and hardware that allows retail location to process card payment. It reads the information of a customer’s Credit and debit card; check whether the funds
are sufficient in a customer’s bank account. It also transfers the funds from the customer’s account to the seller’s account, records the transaction and after the transaction is approved the terminal prints receipt for the customer.
ATM: -
ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine. This computerizes machine permits customer to access their bank account with a magnetically encoded plastic card and a code number. It allows withdrawing money and making deposits, paying bills, obtaining bank statements, check account balance and transfer money.
*DIFFERENCES BETWEEN P.O.S AND ATM
P.O.S: ATM
1. The full form of P.O.S. is Point of sale.
1. Where the full form of ATM is Automated teller Machine.
2. P.O.S. is basically used at grocery or retail stores.
2. Where an ATM. is used at public places for the ease of banking service to people.
3. P.O.S. is used to give support to business for cash transaction.
3. Where an ATM. is used to give support to banking services. That’s why it is also called self-service banking machine.
4. P.O.S. is only used to transfer cash digitally from account to account.
4. Where an ATM. is used to transfer as well as withdrawal of cash.
5. A P.O.S. is run by a P.O.S. terminal, a server and a P.O.S. retail software.
5. Where an ATM. connects to a host computer through a network.
6. There is no restriction or no extra charge to use a P.O.S. at any number of time for a particular bank account in a given time.
6. Where there is a restriction or carrying extra charge to use a particular ATM. to use many numbers of time for a particular bank account to withdraw money in a given time.
P.O.S ~
Point of Sale terminal is a combination of software and hardware that allows retail location to process card payment. It reads the information of a customer’s Credit and debit card; check whether the funds
are sufficient in a customer’s bank account. It also transfers the funds from the customer’s account to the seller’s account, records the transaction and after the transaction is approved the terminal prints receipt for the customer.
ATM: -
ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine. This computerizes machine permits customer to access their bank account with a magnetically encoded plastic card and a code number. It allows withdrawing money and making deposits, paying bills, obtaining bank statements, check account balance and transfer money.
*DIFFERENCES BETWEEN P.O.S AND ATM
P.O.S: ATM
1. The full form of P.O.S. is Point of sale.
1. Where the full form of ATM is Automated teller Machine.
2. P.O.S. is basically used at grocery or retail stores.
2. Where an ATM. is used at public places for the ease of banking service to people.
3. P.O.S. is used to give support to business for cash transaction.
3. Where an ATM. is used to give support to banking services. That’s why it is also called self-service banking machine.
4. P.O.S. is only used to transfer cash digitally from account to account.
4. Where an ATM. is used to transfer as well as withdrawal of cash.
5. A P.O.S. is run by a P.O.S. terminal, a server and a P.O.S. retail software.
5. Where an ATM. connects to a host computer through a network.
6. There is no restriction or no extra charge to use a P.O.S. at any number of time for a particular bank account in a given time.
6. Where there is a restriction or carrying extra charge to use a particular ATM. to use many numbers of time for a particular bank account to withdraw money in a given time.
Difference Between Devaluation of Currency & Depreciation Currency
*Introduction: ~
Both these terms look same but the meaning of both differs somewhat. Both these words are used in a foreign exchange market and both are affected by the international economy elements. Both these words are used when the value of the currency falls as compared to the other currency. Both have different causes and long term effects on the economy.
****The meaning of Devaluation: -
Devaluation of currency occurs when in the country the monetary policy authority or government intentionally reduces the value of its currency by lowering the exchange rate as compared to another country's exchange rate.
The authority devalues the currency by lowering the fixed exchange rate in the international market.
It is changed by only the country's authority by comparing the worth of the goods and services in the international market.
It helps the economy in the short period.
There is no fixed time for it to devalue the currency but when the need occurs or authority think there is a need to devalue the currency, it happens.
****Effects: ~
Exports cheaper.
Imports more expensive,
Increased aggregate demand,
Improvement in the current account.,
Higher Inflation.
*The meaning of Depreciation :~
The depreciation of currency occurs by forces of demand and supply in the global market not by the government. (If under any circumstances the government sells a lot of currency more than needed in that case depreciation occurs.)
By depreciating the value of currency the problem occurs only for short time but in a long time, it will help an economy to build well and reliable.
It also guards against the market crack-ups.
The floating exchange rate changes day basis. Floating exchange rate is a rate by which the country determine the value of their own currency in the global market.
It happens in the global market on a daily basis because of change in the economic policy or political party in the global market.
In the depreciation, the purchasing power of currency falls as compared to another country's currency means country's money has less power to purchase as compared to another currency.
***Effects: ~
Exports cheaper,
Imports expensive,
Higher inflation,
Decrease in supply.
*Base
Devaluation of currency: Depreciation of currency
*Meaning~
Devaluation means to lower the value of country's currency as compared to the another country’s value
The meaning of depreciation of the currency is the same as the meaning of devaluation of the currency.
*circumstances~
It is done by the government authority.
It is done by the force of demand and supply in the international market.
*Rate~
It is done by using fixed exchange rate.
It is done by using floating exchange rate
Effect on economy
It just for short term.
It affects the economy for a longer term
Changes
There is no fixed time for it but it doesn’t occur in regularly.
It occurs on a daily basis.
*Introduction: ~
Both these terms look same but the meaning of both differs somewhat. Both these words are used in a foreign exchange market and both are affected by the international economy elements. Both these words are used when the value of the currency falls as compared to the other currency. Both have different causes and long term effects on the economy.
****The meaning of Devaluation: -
Devaluation of currency occurs when in the country the monetary policy authority or government intentionally reduces the value of its currency by lowering the exchange rate as compared to another country's exchange rate.
The authority devalues the currency by lowering the fixed exchange rate in the international market.
It is changed by only the country's authority by comparing the worth of the goods and services in the international market.
It helps the economy in the short period.
There is no fixed time for it to devalue the currency but when the need occurs or authority think there is a need to devalue the currency, it happens.
****Effects: ~
Exports cheaper.
Imports more expensive,
Increased aggregate demand,
Improvement in the current account.,
Higher Inflation.
*The meaning of Depreciation :~
The depreciation of currency occurs by forces of demand and supply in the global market not by the government. (If under any circumstances the government sells a lot of currency more than needed in that case depreciation occurs.)
By depreciating the value of currency the problem occurs only for short time but in a long time, it will help an economy to build well and reliable.
It also guards against the market crack-ups.
The floating exchange rate changes day basis. Floating exchange rate is a rate by which the country determine the value of their own currency in the global market.
It happens in the global market on a daily basis because of change in the economic policy or political party in the global market.
In the depreciation, the purchasing power of currency falls as compared to another country's currency means country's money has less power to purchase as compared to another currency.
***Effects: ~
Exports cheaper,
Imports expensive,
Higher inflation,
Decrease in supply.
*Base
Devaluation of currency: Depreciation of currency
*Meaning~
Devaluation means to lower the value of country's currency as compared to the another country’s value
The meaning of depreciation of the currency is the same as the meaning of devaluation of the currency.
*circumstances~
It is done by the government authority.
It is done by the force of demand and supply in the international market.
*Rate~
It is done by using fixed exchange rate.
It is done by using floating exchange rate
Effect on economy
It just for short term.
It affects the economy for a longer term
Changes
There is no fixed time for it but it doesn’t occur in regularly.
It occurs on a daily basis.
Why does salt melt ice ?
Salt melts ice essentially because adding salt lowers the freezing point of the water. How does this melt ice? Well, it doesn't, unless there is a little water available with the ice.
The good news is you don't need a pool of water to achieve the effect. Ice typically is coated with a thin film of liquid water, which is all it takes for the salt to work.
Pure water freezes at 32 F (0 C). Water with salt (or any other substance in it) will freeze at some lower temperature. Just how low this temperature will be depends on the de-icing agent. If you put salt on ice in a situation where the temperature will never get up to the new freezing point of the salt-water solution, you won't see any benefit. For example, tossing table salt (sodium chloride) onto ice when it's 0 F won't do anything more than coat the ice with a layer of salt. On the other hand, if you put the same salt on ice at 15 F, the salt will be able to prevent melting ice from re-freezing. Magnesium chloride works down to 5 F while calcium chloride works down to -20 F.
Salt melts ice essentially because adding salt lowers the freezing point of the water. How does this melt ice? Well, it doesn't, unless there is a little water available with the ice.
The good news is you don't need a pool of water to achieve the effect. Ice typically is coated with a thin film of liquid water, which is all it takes for the salt to work.
Pure water freezes at 32 F (0 C). Water with salt (or any other substance in it) will freeze at some lower temperature. Just how low this temperature will be depends on the de-icing agent. If you put salt on ice in a situation where the temperature will never get up to the new freezing point of the salt-water solution, you won't see any benefit. For example, tossing table salt (sodium chloride) onto ice when it's 0 F won't do anything more than coat the ice with a layer of salt. On the other hand, if you put the same salt on ice at 15 F, the salt will be able to prevent melting ice from re-freezing. Magnesium chloride works down to 5 F while calcium chloride works down to -20 F.
Paper II / Chapter: Philosophical and Constitutional framework of government
https://t.me/UPSC_18
(Current Based) Question : Do you think Verdict on Triple Talaq would speed up Uniform Civil Code report ? Argue. (20 Marks/200 Words)
Model Answer :
The law panel is examining the verdict of Supreme Court on issue of triple talaq and it was believed that the order would be set to become one of the main reference texts for the Law Commission which is in the process of compiling public opinion on the contentious Uniform Civil Code (UCC).
The Supreme Court identified that the triple talaq system prevalent in the country was against the teachings of the scripture, was ‘unislamic’ and hence was not part of the personal law. This statement shows that the personal law was constitutional and would hence be kept up. Triple talaq was deemed unconstitutional as it was one-sided and shut doors on arbitration before dissolving a marital relationship.
The focus is on family laws of all religions and the diversity of customary practices, and to address social injustice and gender inequality rather than the plurality of laws. Personal laws will not be touched beyond the extent permitted by the constitution as per the Law panel. Under UCC, all personal laws based on scriptures and customs of every religion will be replaced with a common law governing every citizen. (Total Words- 188)
(Linkages : Uniform Civil Code and Triple Talaq, Supreme Court Verdict and Triple Talaq, Uniform Civil Code and Law Commission, Uniform Civil Code and Personal Laws)
https://t.me/UPSC_18
(Current Based) Question : Do you think Verdict on Triple Talaq would speed up Uniform Civil Code report ? Argue. (20 Marks/200 Words)
Model Answer :
The law panel is examining the verdict of Supreme Court on issue of triple talaq and it was believed that the order would be set to become one of the main reference texts for the Law Commission which is in the process of compiling public opinion on the contentious Uniform Civil Code (UCC).
The Supreme Court identified that the triple talaq system prevalent in the country was against the teachings of the scripture, was ‘unislamic’ and hence was not part of the personal law. This statement shows that the personal law was constitutional and would hence be kept up. Triple talaq was deemed unconstitutional as it was one-sided and shut doors on arbitration before dissolving a marital relationship.
The focus is on family laws of all religions and the diversity of customary practices, and to address social injustice and gender inequality rather than the plurality of laws. Personal laws will not be touched beyond the extent permitted by the constitution as per the Law panel. Under UCC, all personal laws based on scriptures and customs of every religion will be replaced with a common law governing every citizen. (Total Words- 188)
(Linkages : Uniform Civil Code and Triple Talaq, Supreme Court Verdict and Triple Talaq, Uniform Civil Code and Law Commission, Uniform Civil Code and Personal Laws)
Article 35A of the Constitution
https://t.me/UPSC_18
Article 35A is a provision incorporated in the Constitution giving the Jammu and Kashmir Legislature a carte blanche to decide who all are ‘permanent residents’ of the State.It confers on them special rights and privileges in public sector jobs, acquisition of property in the State, scholarships and other public aid and welfare.The provision mandates that no act of the legislature coming under it can be challenged for violating the Constitution or any other law of the land.Article 35A was incorporated into the Constitution in 1954 by an order of the then President Rajendra Prasad on the advice of the Jawaharlal Nehru Cabinet.The controversial Constitution Order of 1954 followed the 1952 Delhi Agreement entered into between Nehru and the then Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Sheikh Abdullah, which extended Indian citizenship to the ‘State subjects’ of Jammu and Kashmir.The Presidential Order was issued under Article 370 (1) (d) of the Constitution. This provision allows the President to make certain “exceptions and modifications” to the Constitution for the benefit of ‘State subjects’ of Jammu and Kashmir.So Article 35A was added to the Constitution as a testimony of the special consideration the Indian government accorded to the ‘permanent residents’ of Jammu and Kashmir.The parliamentary route of lawmaking was bypassed when the President incorporated Article 35A into the Constitution. Article 368 (i) of the Constitution empowers only Parliament to amend the Constitution.A five-judge Bench of the Supreme Court in its March 1961 judgment in Puranlal Lakhanpal vs. The President of India discusses the President’s powers under Article 370 to ‘modify’ the Constitution.Though the court observes that the President may modify an existing provision in the Constitution under Article 370, the judgment is silent as to whether the President can, without the Parliament’s knowledge, introduce a new Article. This question remains open.A writ petition filed by NGO We the Citizens challenges the validity of both Article 35A and Article 370.It argues that four representatives from Kashmir were part of the Constituent Assembly involved in the drafting of the Constitution and the State of Jammu and Kashmir was never accorded any special status in the Constitution.Article 370 was only a ‘temporary provision’ to help bring normality in Jammu and Kashmir and strengthen democracy in that State, it contends. The Constitution-makers did not intend Article 370 to be a tool to bring permanent amendments, like Article 35A, in the Constitution.Attorney-General K.K. Venugopal has called for a debate in the Supreme Court on the sensitive subject.Recently, a Supreme Court Bench, led by Justice Dipak Misra, tagged the Khanna petition with the We the Citizens case, which has been referred to a three-judge Bench.The court has indicated that the validity of Articles 35A and 370 may ultimately be decided by a Constitution Bench.
https://t.me/UPSC_18
Article 35A is a provision incorporated in the Constitution giving the Jammu and Kashmir Legislature a carte blanche to decide who all are ‘permanent residents’ of the State.It confers on them special rights and privileges in public sector jobs, acquisition of property in the State, scholarships and other public aid and welfare.The provision mandates that no act of the legislature coming under it can be challenged for violating the Constitution or any other law of the land.Article 35A was incorporated into the Constitution in 1954 by an order of the then President Rajendra Prasad on the advice of the Jawaharlal Nehru Cabinet.The controversial Constitution Order of 1954 followed the 1952 Delhi Agreement entered into between Nehru and the then Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Sheikh Abdullah, which extended Indian citizenship to the ‘State subjects’ of Jammu and Kashmir.The Presidential Order was issued under Article 370 (1) (d) of the Constitution. This provision allows the President to make certain “exceptions and modifications” to the Constitution for the benefit of ‘State subjects’ of Jammu and Kashmir.So Article 35A was added to the Constitution as a testimony of the special consideration the Indian government accorded to the ‘permanent residents’ of Jammu and Kashmir.The parliamentary route of lawmaking was bypassed when the President incorporated Article 35A into the Constitution. Article 368 (i) of the Constitution empowers only Parliament to amend the Constitution.A five-judge Bench of the Supreme Court in its March 1961 judgment in Puranlal Lakhanpal vs. The President of India discusses the President’s powers under Article 370 to ‘modify’ the Constitution.Though the court observes that the President may modify an existing provision in the Constitution under Article 370, the judgment is silent as to whether the President can, without the Parliament’s knowledge, introduce a new Article. This question remains open.A writ petition filed by NGO We the Citizens challenges the validity of both Article 35A and Article 370.It argues that four representatives from Kashmir were part of the Constituent Assembly involved in the drafting of the Constitution and the State of Jammu and Kashmir was never accorded any special status in the Constitution.Article 370 was only a ‘temporary provision’ to help bring normality in Jammu and Kashmir and strengthen democracy in that State, it contends. The Constitution-makers did not intend Article 370 to be a tool to bring permanent amendments, like Article 35A, in the Constitution.Attorney-General K.K. Venugopal has called for a debate in the Supreme Court on the sensitive subject.Recently, a Supreme Court Bench, led by Justice Dipak Misra, tagged the Khanna petition with the We the Citizens case, which has been referred to a three-judge Bench.The court has indicated that the validity of Articles 35A and 370 may ultimately be decided by a Constitution Bench.
29th August 2017
Economic Times
Ø World's 1st diamond futures bourse opens in India
Ø Promoters may take part in Infosys share buyback
Ø Greenko eyes R-Infra's Mumbai power biz for $2 bn
Ø Govt sanctions over 2.17 lakh houses for urban poor
Ø EPFO diverting money to riskier bonds to earn more
Ø Trai seeks views on sale of 5G services spectrum
Ø The cost of clean water is $150 bn a year: World Bank
Business Standard
Ø Tata Teleservices plans to invest Rs 4,000 cr in listed arm
Ø Centre to divest up to 10% stake in NTPC for Rs 13,800 cr
Ø IDBI Bank looks to exit early from NSE
Ø GST to have positive impact on states' finances: Ind-Ra
Ø Lenders of Jaypee Power seek bids for 30% stake dilution to recover debts
Ø Reliance Capital shareholders to get 1:1 stock of home finance arm
Business Line
Ø L&T Construction bags orders worth Rs. 1,975 cr
Ø NSE now eyes mega Rs.10,000-cr IPO by Feb-Mar next year
Ø ACC, BoB & Tata Power to move out of Nifty 50 wef Sept 29
Ø Despite sharp cuts by PSU banks, foreign banks command lowest MCLR
Ø Dr Reddy’s faces class action suit in US court
Mint
Ø Iron ore stockpiles swell on imposition of export duty
Ø RBI may consider linking bank loans to repo rate
Ø NSE adds Bajaj Finance, HPCL, UPL Ltd to Nifty 50, removes 4 stocks
Ø Insolvency case: IRP verifies claims of over Rs44,498 crore against Bhushan Steel
Ø SSG Capital Management in talks to buy stake in Emco Ltd
Ø L&T Finance among India’s five most valuable NBFC firms
Ø Gilead to buy Kite Pharma for promising cancer therapies in $12 billion deal
Financial Express
Ø Over 36 lakh businesses file GST returns so far
Ø Fringe benefits availed by employees liable to GST
Ø DLF looking at Mumbai, Bengaluru to build commercial assets
Ø Appetite for telecom spectrum only by early 2019, says COAI
Financial Chronicle
Ø Brexit talks face 'very big gap' as new round begins
Ø Sensex makes 155-pt gain on easing Indo-China tension
Ø Startups can raise 100% funds from foreign investors
Ø Essar Steel lenders want to bring in new investors; Tata, JSW keen
Economic Times
Ø World's 1st diamond futures bourse opens in India
Ø Promoters may take part in Infosys share buyback
Ø Greenko eyes R-Infra's Mumbai power biz for $2 bn
Ø Govt sanctions over 2.17 lakh houses for urban poor
Ø EPFO diverting money to riskier bonds to earn more
Ø Trai seeks views on sale of 5G services spectrum
Ø The cost of clean water is $150 bn a year: World Bank
Business Standard
Ø Tata Teleservices plans to invest Rs 4,000 cr in listed arm
Ø Centre to divest up to 10% stake in NTPC for Rs 13,800 cr
Ø IDBI Bank looks to exit early from NSE
Ø GST to have positive impact on states' finances: Ind-Ra
Ø Lenders of Jaypee Power seek bids for 30% stake dilution to recover debts
Ø Reliance Capital shareholders to get 1:1 stock of home finance arm
Business Line
Ø L&T Construction bags orders worth Rs. 1,975 cr
Ø NSE now eyes mega Rs.10,000-cr IPO by Feb-Mar next year
Ø ACC, BoB & Tata Power to move out of Nifty 50 wef Sept 29
Ø Despite sharp cuts by PSU banks, foreign banks command lowest MCLR
Ø Dr Reddy’s faces class action suit in US court
Mint
Ø Iron ore stockpiles swell on imposition of export duty
Ø RBI may consider linking bank loans to repo rate
Ø NSE adds Bajaj Finance, HPCL, UPL Ltd to Nifty 50, removes 4 stocks
Ø Insolvency case: IRP verifies claims of over Rs44,498 crore against Bhushan Steel
Ø SSG Capital Management in talks to buy stake in Emco Ltd
Ø L&T Finance among India’s five most valuable NBFC firms
Ø Gilead to buy Kite Pharma for promising cancer therapies in $12 billion deal
Financial Express
Ø Over 36 lakh businesses file GST returns so far
Ø Fringe benefits availed by employees liable to GST
Ø DLF looking at Mumbai, Bengaluru to build commercial assets
Ø Appetite for telecom spectrum only by early 2019, says COAI
Financial Chronicle
Ø Brexit talks face 'very big gap' as new round begins
Ø Sensex makes 155-pt gain on easing Indo-China tension
Ø Startups can raise 100% funds from foreign investors
Ø Essar Steel lenders want to bring in new investors; Tata, JSW keen
What's the fastest shark in the sea ?
The shortfin mako shark has been clocked at a sustained speed of 20 mph, but it can double or triple that speed for short periods of time.
Shortfin makos can reliably accelerate to 46 mph, and some individuals may even reach 60 mph. Their torpedo-shaped bodies enable them to surge through the water at such a rapid speed. Mako sharks also have tiny, flexibile scales covering their body, allowing them to control the flow of water over their skin and minimize drag. And shortfin makos aren't just fast; they can also change direction in a split second. Their remarkable speed and maneuverability make them lethal predators.
The shortfin mako shark has been clocked at a sustained speed of 20 mph, but it can double or triple that speed for short periods of time.
Shortfin makos can reliably accelerate to 46 mph, and some individuals may even reach 60 mph. Their torpedo-shaped bodies enable them to surge through the water at such a rapid speed. Mako sharks also have tiny, flexibile scales covering their body, allowing them to control the flow of water over their skin and minimize drag. And shortfin makos aren't just fast; they can also change direction in a split second. Their remarkable speed and maneuverability make them lethal predators.
Submit your rating and comments of this channel. Helps to improve the service
https://telegram.me/tchannelsbot?start=UPSC_2018
Be heard 💪,Team
https://telegram.me/tchannelsbot?start=UPSC_2018
Be heard 💪,Team
Telegram
Telegram Channels Bot
Discover the best channels 📢 available on Telegram. Explore charts, rate ⭐️ and enjoy updates! TChannels.me
Do you think privacy is a fundamental right ? Discuss in the context of recent Judgment of the Supreme court. (20 Marks/250 Words)
@UPSC_18
Model Answer :
"Right to Privacy is an integral part of Right to Life and Personal Liberty guaranteed in Article 21 of the Constitution," the SC ruled unanimously. It added that the right to privacy is intrinsic to the entire fundamental rights chapter of the Constitution. It also spoke of the right to marriage, procreation, privacy of home and the right to be left alone as other facets of privacy.
The broad implication is that the government cannot frame any policy or law that completely takes away the citizen's right to privacy. It can only place reasonable restrictions on limited grounds such as national sovereignty and security, public order, decency, etc, as specified in Article 19 (2) of the Constitution.
The right to privacy broadly encompasses physical privacy, informational privacy and decisional autonomy. The interplay of technological advances and the right to privacy in the digital age needs to be closely scrutinised. Digital privacy is a subset of the right to privacy, which can be fully exercised only if a good data protection system is in place. After Right to Privacy Ruling, Focus Must Now Be on Creating Robust Data Protection Laws.
This unanimous verdict has rejected the claim of the Union of India that the citizens of India did not have a fundamental right to privacy and that there was, at best, a common law right. This startling claim was based on two judgments of the Supreme Court, one in 1954 by an eight-judge bench and the other, in 1962, by a six-judge bench.
@UPSC_18
Model Answer :
"Right to Privacy is an integral part of Right to Life and Personal Liberty guaranteed in Article 21 of the Constitution," the SC ruled unanimously. It added that the right to privacy is intrinsic to the entire fundamental rights chapter of the Constitution. It also spoke of the right to marriage, procreation, privacy of home and the right to be left alone as other facets of privacy.
The broad implication is that the government cannot frame any policy or law that completely takes away the citizen's right to privacy. It can only place reasonable restrictions on limited grounds such as national sovereignty and security, public order, decency, etc, as specified in Article 19 (2) of the Constitution.
The right to privacy broadly encompasses physical privacy, informational privacy and decisional autonomy. The interplay of technological advances and the right to privacy in the digital age needs to be closely scrutinised. Digital privacy is a subset of the right to privacy, which can be fully exercised only if a good data protection system is in place. After Right to Privacy Ruling, Focus Must Now Be on Creating Robust Data Protection Laws.
This unanimous verdict has rejected the claim of the Union of India that the citizens of India did not have a fundamental right to privacy and that there was, at best, a common law right. This startling claim was based on two judgments of the Supreme Court, one in 1954 by an eight-judge bench and the other, in 1962, by a six-judge bench.
http://www.insightsonindia.com/2017/07/04/motivation-toppers-strategy-upsc-ias-topper-nandini-k-r-rank-1-cse-2016-insights-offline-student/
Motivation & Topper's Strategy: UPSC IAS Topper NANDINI K R, Rank - 1, CSE - 2016, Insights Offline Student
Motivation & Topper's Strategy: UPSC IAS Topper NANDINI K R, Rank - 1, CSE - 2016, Insights Offline Student
Why does Japan get so many earthquakes ?
Japan is located along the Pacific “ring of fire”, on the edges of several continental and oceanic tectonic plates. This is an area of high seismic and volcanic activity from New Zealand, up through Japan, across to Alaska, and down the west coasts of North and South America.
Japan is located along the Pacific “ring of fire”, on the edges of several continental and oceanic tectonic plates. This is an area of high seismic and volcanic activity from New Zealand, up through Japan, across to Alaska, and down the west coasts of North and South America.
Explain with appropriate illustrations the interface between political culture and bureaucratic culture in contemporary India. (25 Marks/250 Words)
Model Answer :
In India political culture is identified with generalist approach. It represents the dynamic aspiration of the society and creates a framework for political change. On the other hand bureaucratic culture is technical and specialist in nature because bureaucracy is instrumental in carrying out all public activities in legal manner with standard procedure. In India bureaucratic culture is more developed rather than political one, so it is the main reason of rift between the two. Administrative culture is more hierarchical and political one is more democratic. In theory they have to work in smooth and frictionless manner but in practice, there are many instances of friction between the two.
In case of General VK Singh age controversy then the Defense Minister AK Antony blamed army for the whole issue stating that age discrepancy was noticed by the army in 2006.
In Coalgate scam involving illegal allocation of coal blocks to several firms,Chairman of Screening Committee PC Parakh held that during allocation Coal Secretary makes the recommendation while the final approval is given by Minister.
@UPSC_18
Durga Shakti Nagpal , a young civil servant found herself amid huge media attention ,political debate and row between federal and state government, after she was suspended allegedly for her ordering the destruction of a wall that was to form the part of a mosque.
These instances show that though political representatives as well as administrators are both known to be meant for the service of the society and nation, there is huge difference between political and bureaucratic culture in India.
Model Answer :
In India political culture is identified with generalist approach. It represents the dynamic aspiration of the society and creates a framework for political change. On the other hand bureaucratic culture is technical and specialist in nature because bureaucracy is instrumental in carrying out all public activities in legal manner with standard procedure. In India bureaucratic culture is more developed rather than political one, so it is the main reason of rift between the two. Administrative culture is more hierarchical and political one is more democratic. In theory they have to work in smooth and frictionless manner but in practice, there are many instances of friction between the two.
In case of General VK Singh age controversy then the Defense Minister AK Antony blamed army for the whole issue stating that age discrepancy was noticed by the army in 2006.
In Coalgate scam involving illegal allocation of coal blocks to several firms,Chairman of Screening Committee PC Parakh held that during allocation Coal Secretary makes the recommendation while the final approval is given by Minister.
@UPSC_18
Durga Shakti Nagpal , a young civil servant found herself amid huge media attention ,political debate and row between federal and state government, after she was suspended allegedly for her ordering the destruction of a wall that was to form the part of a mosque.
These instances show that though political representatives as well as administrators are both known to be meant for the service of the society and nation, there is huge difference between political and bureaucratic culture in India.
Discuss the challenges before newly launched Skill India mission. Comment
Model Answer:
Discuss the challenges before newly launched Skill India mission
Following are the challenges :
1) Human resources challenges: Lack of knowledge professionals, especially in the vocational sector .
2) Infrastructure related challenges: Lacks in vocational infrastructure, especially ITIs and life training institutes.
3) Standardization challenges:To match with the global counterparts and operates
according to world standards.
@UPSC_18
Remedies:
These challenges have to be addressed before the start of the mission so that the people benefitting from this scheme are trained by competent and professional trainers.
Tie ups with corporate and industrial houses for infrastructural and investment related issue.
Reform of the localized and haphazard standardization system is imperative. NCVT (national council of vocational training) can be roped in as a nodal agency to ensure country wide uniform standards for vocational courses.
Awareness should be fostered in the minds of the people regarding the advantages of being a skilled
workforce member and opportunities.
Model Answer:
Discuss the challenges before newly launched Skill India mission
Following are the challenges :
1) Human resources challenges: Lack of knowledge professionals, especially in the vocational sector .
2) Infrastructure related challenges: Lacks in vocational infrastructure, especially ITIs and life training institutes.
3) Standardization challenges:To match with the global counterparts and operates
according to world standards.
@UPSC_18
Remedies:
These challenges have to be addressed before the start of the mission so that the people benefitting from this scheme are trained by competent and professional trainers.
Tie ups with corporate and industrial houses for infrastructural and investment related issue.
Reform of the localized and haphazard standardization system is imperative. NCVT (national council of vocational training) can be roped in as a nodal agency to ensure country wide uniform standards for vocational courses.
Awareness should be fostered in the minds of the people regarding the advantages of being a skilled
workforce member and opportunities.