Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) refers to investments made by individuals, companies, or institutions in financial assets of a foreign country, such as stocks, bonds, or other securities, without taking a controlling interest in the companies or assets. Unlike Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), FPI is typically more liquid and involves shorter-term commitments. Here are some examples of FPI:

1)) Purchasing Stocks on a Foreign Exchange

2) Investing in Foreign Government Bonds

3)Mutual Funds or ETFs with International Holdings

4)Corporate Bond Investments

5)ADRs (American Depositary Receipts)

CSAT is a nightmare for Arts students and sometimes for maths students too. Even very hardworking students who generally score more than 100 in Gs , fails to clear CSAT.

I will try to take an important live session on CSAT tomorrow. Try to follow the session on a serious note. And don’t be over confident and don’t take this sessions for granted.

Those who missed the live class may watch this recorded session..it will give you some idea regarding your CSAT preparation.

My experience and thoughts.

We should - love people and use material things

But what is happening-
We use people and love materials things.

Once again I am reminding to UPSC Aspirants

When you read and write mains questions always read them like an officer. Imagine yourself as an IAS or IPS officer and then answer the questions.

Your answers will be more matured and practical.

Do this every day.
You will see the change soon

Worth Reading

Small clarification !!

Many students are not understanding the meaning of Personal mentorship. They are still in the coaching institution mindset and while messaging me they ask me for course details and what do they get in this.

Personal Mentorship itself says dealing students individually and preparing plans and strategies after knowing their strength and weaknesses and their level of preparation.

And also have some respect towards rankers. Many students while messaging for personal mentorship directly mention what is the fees for personal mentorship without introducing themselves. Remember you are not texting any institution to ask like that. When you are texting have some manners to introduce yourselves.

I hope it is clear now.
Thank you!!

One thing i firmly believe irrespective of difficulties and failures in life we have to be strong enough to fight back with courage.