📚Bakasht Movement :

(Topic : Modern History)

* It was a peasant movement in Bihar directed against landlords to fight forceful eviction of Peasants from Bakasht lands.

* It happened in Bihar in 1937-38

* The landlords often evicted the tenants from Bakasht land.

* Bakshast lands were those which the occupancy tenants had lost to zamindars , mostly during the Depression years, due to non-payment of rent, and which they often continued to cultivate as share-croppers.

* In 1937, when the Congress Ministry was formed, the Kisan Sabha thought that it was an appropriate time to raise the issue of bakasht and demand for restoration of bakshast lands.

* The passing of the Restoration of Bakshast Land Act and the Bihar Tenancy Act in 1938 brought much relief to the peasants.

📚Borrowing Powers of the Union and the states :-

(Topic : Polity)

* The Union shall have unlimited power of borrowing, upon the security of the revenues of India either within India or outside. The Union Executive shall exercise the power subject only to such limits as may be fixed by Parliament from time to time. (Article 292).

* The borrowing power of a state is , however , subject to a number of constitutional limitations :-

a) It cannot borrow outside India. Under the Govt of India Act, 1935, the states had the power to borrow outside India with the consent of the Centre. But this power is totally denied to the states by the Constitution ; the Union shall have the sole right to enter into International monetary market in the matter of borrowing.

b) The State Executive shall have the power to borrow, within the territory of India upon the security of the revenues of the state ; subject to the following conditions.

✅ Limitations as may be imposed by the state Legislature

✅ If the Union has guaranteed an outstanding loan of the state , no fresh loan can be raised by the state without consent of the Union Government.

✅ The Govt of India may itself offer a loan to a state, under a law made by Parliament. So long as such a loan or any part thereof remains outstanding, no fresh loan can be raised by the state without the consent of the Govt of India. The Govt of India may impose terms in giving it's consent as above. (Article 293)

Q.1835) Consider the following famous literary works.

1. Bartaman Bharat

2. Lectures from Colombo to Almora

3. Bidhaba Bibaha

Which of the above are associated with Swami Vivekananda?

🅾️CBI has emerged as a ‘brand’ for justice: PM Modi at CBI’s Diamond Jubilee Celebrations


🔵The premier investigating police agency of India, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), completes its 60 years of service to the nation this year.

🔵The Prime Minister said that the CBI is strengthening New India’s policy of zero tolerance against corruption.

🔵Highlighting the importance of proficient institutions like the CBI, PM Modi stated that India cannot move forward without professional and efficient institutions like the CBI, which serve as multi-dimensional and multi-disciplinary organisations.








🎯CBI

👉The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was established by a resolution of the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, dated April 1, 1963

👉The CBI is not a statutory body but derives its power to investigate from the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.

👉In 1963, the CBI was established by the Government of India with a view to investigate serious crimes related to the defence of India, corruption in high places, serious fraud, cheating, and embezzlement and social crime, particularly hoarding, black marketing, and profiteering in essential commodities, having all-India and inter-state ramifications.

🔵Notably, it is also the nodal police agency in India that coordinates investigations on behalf of Interpol member countries.

🔵According to the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) annual report, its conviction rate is as high as 65 to 70%, which is comparable to the best investigation agencies in the world.

📚 Easy and Simple Strategy to cover Science & Technology for Prelims 2023 👆

♥️Moment of proud 👌👌🫶

#Basohli painting gets GI tag✅️